Test 8 · ★★ · Why we sleep when ill

Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defences? How is your body similar?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: city, body · What happens: turn off, defend, be · To what, where: fairground lights

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 31 «Why we sleep when ill» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defences?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 turn	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 turn	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 city	det
4	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turn	nsubj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 war	case
6	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 city	nmod
7	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	off	off	ADP	_	7 turn	compound:prt
9	fairground	fairground	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lights	compound
10	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 turn	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 power	mark
12	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turn	obl
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 defences	nmod:poss
14	defences	defence	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 power	obj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 turn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn off	might	a city at war	fairground lights				power obl	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent light=Patient
2	defend		city						nom defence «process transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How is your body similar?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 similar	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 similar	cop
3	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 body	nmod:poss
4	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 similar	nsubj
5	similar	similar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 similar	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	your body					similar property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The body makes extra energy for play

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 body	det
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 energy	amod
5	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 play	case
7	play	play	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the body	extra energy				for play	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent energy=Product for play=Asset

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It saves energy for fighting, like the body making you sleepy and less hungry

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 saves	nsubj
2	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saves	obj
4	for	for	SCONJ	_	5 fighting	mark
5	fighting	fight	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 saves	advcl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 body	punct
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 body	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 body	det
9	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saves	parataxis
10	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 body	acl
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 making	obj
12	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 making	xcomp
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 hungry	cc
14	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	15 hungry	advmod
15	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 sleepy	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	save	present	It	energy		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
2	fight	gerund				vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	make	gerund	the body not said here	you	sleepy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product

Option 3

The body turns off the heart for a while, so that the legs and arms get more power

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 body	det
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	nsubj
3	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	3 turns	compound:prt
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 heart	det
6	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 while	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 while	det
9	while	while	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 get	punct
11	so	so	SCONJ	_	17 get	mark
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 get	mark
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 legs	det
14	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 get	nsubj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 arms	cc
16	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 legs	conj
17	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 turns	conj
18	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	19 power	amod
19	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 get	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn off	present	the body	the heart			while		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
2	get	present	the legs and arms	more power					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer power=Stimulus

Option 4

It isn't similar at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 similar	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 similar	cop
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 similar	advmod
4	similar	similar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 similar	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	It			all		similar property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/t8/