Gases all around: breath and balloons, sentence 14

Rotten eggs smell because bacteria break down proteins with sulphur in them and give off hydrogen sulphide gas; noses can sense tiny amounts of it, and some hot springs smell of it too.

Who acts: Rotten eggs, bacteria, noses, hot springs · What happens: smell, break down, give off, sense, amount · To what, where: proteins, hydrogen sulphide gas, tiny amounts, sulphur

This is a sentence of the lesson «Gases all around: breath and balloons» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rotten eggs, bacteria, noses, hot springs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rotten	rotten	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 eggs	amod
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 smell	nsubj
3	smell	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 break	mark
5	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 break	nsubj
6	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 smell	advcl
7	down	down	ADP	_	6 break	compound:prt
8	proteins	protein	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 break	obj
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 sulphur	case
10	sulphur	sulphur	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 proteins	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sulphur	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 give	cc
14	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 break	conj
15	off	off	ADP	_	14 give	compound:prt
16	hydrogen	hydrogen	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 gas	compound
17	sulphide	sulphide	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 gas	compound
18	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 give	obj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 sense	punct
20	noses	nose	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 sense	nsubj
21	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 sense	aux
22	sense	sense	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 smell	parataxis
23	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 amounts	amod
24	amounts	amount	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 sense	obj
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 it	case
26	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 amounts	nmod
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 smell	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 smell	cc
29	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	31 springs	det
30	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 springs	amod
31	springs	spring	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 smell	nsubj
32	smell	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 smell	conj
33	of	of	ADP	_	34 it	case
34	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 smell	obl
35	too	too	ADV	_	32 smell	advmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 smell	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	smell	present	Rotten eggs			vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	break down	present	bacteria	proteins	with sulphur in eggs	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent protein=Patient with sulphur=Instrument
3	give off	present	bacteria not said here	hydrogen sulphide gas		vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme
4	sense	can	noses	tiny amounts of sulphur		vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer amount=Stimulus
5	smell	present	some hot springs		of sulphur	vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of it=Theme
6	amount			sulphur		nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:020-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/14/