Gases all around: breath and balloons, sentence 18
Water plants use light to make sugar and give off oxygen, so pondweed makes bubbles in sunlight and stops in the dark.
Who acts: Water plants, pondweed · What happens: use, make, give off, stop · To what, where: light, sugar, oxygen, bubbles, sunlight, dark
This is a sentence of the lesson «Gases all around: breath and balloons» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water plants, pondweed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 plants | compound |
| 2 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 use | nsubj |
| 3 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 use | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 make | mark |
| 6 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 use | advcl |
| 7 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 give | cc |
| 9 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 make | conj |
| 10 | off | off | ADP | _ | 9 give | compound:prt |
| 11 | oxygen | oxygen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 give | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 makes | punct |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 makes | advmod |
| 14 | pondweed | pondweed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 makes | nsubj |
| 15 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 use | parataxis |
| 16 | bubbles | bubble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 makes | obj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 sunlight | case |
| 18 | sunlight | sunlight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 makes | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 stops | cc |
| 20 | stops | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 makes | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 dark | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 dark | det |
| 23 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stops | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 use | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present | Water plants | light | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient | ||||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | Water plants not said here | sugar | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sugar=Product | ||||
| 3 | give off | infinitive | Water plants not said here | oxygen | vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source oxygen=Theme | ||||
| 4 | make | present | pondweed | bubbles | sunlight | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bubble=Product | |||
| 5 | stop | present | pondweed not said here | the dark | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:020-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/18/