Solids, liquids and gases, sentence 18

Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows is a myth: old panes were simply made uneven, and some are thicker at the top.

Who acts: Glass, old windows, idea, some · What happens: be, jumble, flow, make · To what, where: idea, bottom, myth, old panes, top

This is a sentence of the lesson «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Glass, old windows, idea, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 solid	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 solid	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 solid	det
4	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 particles	case
6	jumbled	jumble	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 particles	amod
7	particles	particle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 solid	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 idea	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 idea	det
10	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 myth	nsubj
11	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 thick	mark
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 windows	amod
13	windows	window	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 thick	nsubj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 thick	cop
15	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 idea	acl
16	at	at	ADP	_	18 bottom	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 bottom	det
18	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 thick	obl
19	because	because	SCONJ	_	21 flows	mark
20	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 flows	nsubj
21	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 thick	advcl
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 myth	cop
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 myth	det
24	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 solid	parataxis
25	:	:	PUNCT	_	30 made	punct
26	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 panes	amod
27	panes	pane	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 made	nsubj:pass
28	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 made	aux:pass
29	simply	simply	ADV	_	30 made	advmod
30	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 solid	parataxis
31	uneven	uneven	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 made	xcomp
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 thicker	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 thicker	cc
34	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	36 thicker	nsubj
35	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 thicker	cop
36	thicker	thick	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 solid	parataxis
37	at	at	ADP	_	39 top	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 top	det
39	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 thicker	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 solid	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Glass			with jumbled particles; solid property	tree rules
2	jumble	participle					vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	is	present	old windows	the idea not said here	the bottom	thick property	tree rules
4	flow	present	glass				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is a	present	the idea	a myth			tree rules
6	make	past · passive		old panes		simply, uneven property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
7	is	present	some		the top	thick property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:004-solids-liquids-and-gases.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/18/