Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing, sentence 14

Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide that turns straight into gas; it must never be touched with bare hands, because it burns with cold.

Who acts: Dry ice, frozen carbon dioxide, gas · What happens: freeze, be, turn, not touch, burn · To what, where: frozen carbon dioxide, gas

This is a sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dry ice, frozen carbon dioxide, gas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ice	amod
2	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dioxide	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 dioxide	cop
4	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 dioxide	amod
5	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dioxide	compound
6	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 turns	nsubj
8	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 dioxide	acl:relcl
9	straight	straight	ADV	_	11 gas	advmod
10	into	into	ADP	_	11 gas	case
11	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 turns	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 touched	punct
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 touched	nsubj:pass
14	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 touched	aux
15	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	17 touched	advmod
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 touched	aux:pass
17	touched	touch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 dioxide	parataxis
18	with	with	ADP	_	20 hands	case
19	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 hands	amod
20	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 touched	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 burns	punct
22	because	because	SCONJ	_	24 burns	mark
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 burns	nsubj
24	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 touched	advcl
25	with	with	ADP	_	26 cold	case
26	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 burns	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 dioxide	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	freeze	participle					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is a	present	Dry ice	frozen carbon dioxide			tree rules
3	turn	present	frozen carbon dioxide		gas		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into gas=Trajectory
4	not touch	must · passive		gas		with bare hands	vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Theme with hand=Instrument
5	burn	present	gas			with cold	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with cold=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/14/