Climate zones and why they are where they are, sentence 18

A Mediterranean climate has hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters, and it is found not only around the Mediterranean but also in California, central Chile, South Africa's Cape and south-western Australia, and olives, which need hot, dry summers and mild winters, grow well in it.

Who acts: Mediterranean climate, olives · What happens: have, find, need, grow · To what, where: climate, Mediterranean

This is a sentence of the lesson «Climate zones and why they are where they are» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mediterranean climate, olives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 climate	det
2	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 climate	amod
3	climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 summers	amod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 hot	punct
7	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 summers	amod
8	summers	summer	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 winters	cc
10	mild	mild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 winters	amod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 mild	punct
12	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 winters	amod
13	winters	winter	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 summers	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 found	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 found	cc
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 found	nsubj:pass
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 found	aux:pass
18	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 has	conj
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	23 Mediterranean	advmod
20	only	only	ADV	_	23 Mediterranean	advmod
21	around	around	ADP	_	23 Mediterranean	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Mediterranean	det
23	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 found	obl
24	but	but	CCONJ	_	27 California	cc
25	also	also	ADV	_	27 California	advmod
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 California	case
27	California	California	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Mediterranean	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 Chile	punct
29	central	central	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 Chile	amod
30	Chile	Chile	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 California	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 Cape	punct
32	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 Africa	compound
33	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 Cape	nmod:poss
34	's	's	PART	_	33 Africa	case
35	Cape	Cape	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 California	conj
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 Australia	cc
37	south	south	ADV	_	39 western	advmod
38	-	-	PUNCT	_	37 south	punct
39	western	western	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 Australia	amod
40	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 Cape	conj
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 olives	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 olives	cc
43	olives	olive	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 Cape	conj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 need	punct
45	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	46 need	nsubj
46	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	43 olives	acl:relcl
47	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	50 summers	amod
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 hot	punct
49	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	50 summers	amod
50	summers	summer	NOUN	Number=Plur	46 need	obj
51	and	and	CCONJ	_	53 winters	cc
52	mild	mild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 winters	amod
53	winters	winter	NOUN	Number=Plur	50 summers	conj
54	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 grow	punct
55	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	43 olives	conj
56	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	55 grow	advmod
57	in	in	ADP	_	58 it	case
58	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	55 grow	obl
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a Mediterranean climate			summer		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	find	present · passive		climate	the Mediterranean but California and central Chile and South Africa's Cape and western Australia and olives			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
3	need	present	olives			summer		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
4	grow	present			climate		well property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:021-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/18/