Weather, storms and the changing climate, sentence 10

In Britain much rain comes from fronts, where a mass of warm air meets a mass of cold air and the warm air is pushed upwards; TV weather maps draw fronts as lines with triangles and half-circles.

Who acts: much rain, mass, TV weather maps · What happens: come, meet, push, draw · To what, where: Britain, fronts, mass

This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather, storms and the changing climate» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (much rain, mass, TV weather maps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 rain	case
2	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 comes	obl
3	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 rain	amod
4	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 comes	nsubj
5	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 fronts	case
7	fronts	front	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 comes	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 meets	punct
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	15 meets	advmod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 mass	det
11	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 meets	nsubj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 air	case
13	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 air	amod
14	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 mass	nmod
15	meets	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fronts	acl:relcl
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 mass	det
17	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 meets	obj
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 air	case
19	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 air	amod
20	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 mass	nmod
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 air	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 air	det
23	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 air	amod
24	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 air	conj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 pushed	aux:pass
26	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 meets	conj
27	upwards	upwards	ADV	_	26 pushed	advmod
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 draw	punct
29	TV	TV	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 maps	compound
30	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 maps	compound
31	maps	map	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 draw	nsubj
32	draw	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 comes	parataxis
33	fronts	front	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 draw	obj
34	as	as	ADP	_	35 lines	case
35	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 draw	obl
36	with	with	ADP	_	37 triangles	case
37	triangles	triangle	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 lines	nmod
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 circles	cc
39	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	41 circles	compound
40	-	-	PUNCT	_	39 half	punct
41	circles	circle	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 triangles	conj
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 comes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	present	much rain	Britain	fronts		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from front=Initial_Location
2	meet	present	a mass of warm air	a mass of cold air and the warm air			vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mass=Co-Agent
3	push	present · passive	a mass of warm air not said here			upwards property	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»
4	draw	present	TV weather maps	fronts		as lines with triangles and half circles	vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent front=Result as line=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:023-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate/10/