Weather, storms and the changing climate, sentence 15

Gases such as carbon dioxide and methane trap some of the heat Earth gives off, keeping the planet warm enough for life; without them Earth would average about minus 18 degrees Celsius; this is called the greenhouse effect.

Who acts: Gases, Earth · What happens: trap, give off, keep, average, call · To what, where: some, heat, planet, 18 degrees, this · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather, storms and the changing climate» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gases, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gases	gas	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 trap	nsubj
2	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	5 dioxide	case
3	as	as	ADP	_	2 such	fixed
4	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dioxide	compound
5	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Gases	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 methane	cc
7	methane	methane	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dioxide	conj
8	trap	trap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	some	some	PRON	PronType=Ind	8 trap	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 heat	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 heat	det
12	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 some	nmod
13	Earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 gives	nsubj
14	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 heat	acl:relcl
15	off	off	ADP	_	14 gives	compound:prt
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 keeping	punct
17	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 trap	advcl
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 planet	det
19	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 keeping	obj
20	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 keeping	xcomp
21	enough	enough	ADV	_	20 warm	advmod
22	for	for	ADP	_	23 life	case
23	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 warm	obl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 average	punct
25	without	without	ADP	_	26 them	case
26	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 average	obl
27	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 average	nsubj
28	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	29 average	aux
29	average	average	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 trap	conj
30	about	about	ADP	_	31 minus	case
31	minus	minus	SYM	_	29 average	obl
32	18	18	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	33 degrees	nummod
33	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 average	obj
34	Celsius	Celsius	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 degrees	nmod:unmarked
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	38 called	punct
36	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	38 called	nsubj:pass
37	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 called	aux:pass
38	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 trap	conj
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 effect	det
40	greenhouse	greenhouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 effect	compound
41	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 called	xcomp
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 trap	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	trap	present	Gases such carbon dioxide and methane	some		vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient
2	give off	present	Earth	the heat not said here		vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source heat=Theme
3	keep	gerund	Gases such carbon dioxide and methane not said here	the planet	warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent planet=Theme
4	average	would	Earth	18 degrees Celsius	without gases = gas	vn multiply-108-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent degree=Theme
5	call	present · passive		this		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:023-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate/15/