Islands, seas and lakes, sentence 10

The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake by area, at about 370,000 square kilometres, and its water is salty, though only about a third as salty as the ocean; rivers such as the Volga flow in, but none flows out, so water leaves only by evaporating and the salt stays behind.

Who acts: Caspian Sea, water, rivers, none, salt · What happens: be, flow, flow out, leave, evaporate, stay · To what, where: largest lake, 370,000 square kilometres

This is a sentence of the lesson «Islands, seas and lakes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caspian Sea, water, rivers, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Sea	det
2	Caspian	Caspian	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Sea	compound
3	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 lake	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lake	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 world	det
6	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lake	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 world	case
8	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 lake	amod
9	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 area	case
11	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lake	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 kilometres	punct
13	at	at	ADP	_	17 kilometres	case
14	about	about	ADV	_	15 370,000	advmod
15	370,000	370,000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 kilometres	nummod
16	square	square	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 kilometres	amod
17	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 lake	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 salty	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 salty	cc
20	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 water	nmod:poss
21	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 salty	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 salty	cop
23	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lake	conj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 third	punct
25	though	though	ADV	_	29 third	advmod
26	only	only	ADV	_	29 third	advmod
27	about	about	ADV	_	29 third	advmod
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 third	det
29	third	third	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	23 salty	conj
30	as	as	ADV	_	31 salty	advmod
31	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 third	amod
32	as	as	ADP	_	34 ocean	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 ocean	det
34	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 salty	nmod
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	36 rivers	punct
36	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 flow	nsubj
37	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	40 Volga	case
38	as	as	ADP	_	37 such	fixed
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 Volga	det
40	Volga	Volga	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 rivers	nmod
41	flow	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lake	parataxis
42	in	in	ADV	_	41 flow	advmod
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 flows	punct
44	but	but	CCONJ	_	46 flows	cc
45	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	46 flows	nsubj
46	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 flow	conj
47	out	out	ADP	_	46 flows	compound:prt
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	51 leaves	punct
49	so	so	ADV	_	51 leaves	advmod
50	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 leaves	nsubj
51	leaves	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lake	conj
52	only	only	ADV	_	54 evaporating	advmod
53	by	by	SCONJ	_	54 evaporating	mark
54	evaporating	evaporate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	51 leaves	advcl
55	and	and	CCONJ	_	58 stays	cc
56	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	57 salt	det
57	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 stays	nsubj
58	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	51 leaves	conj
59	behind	behind	ADV	_	58 stays	advmod
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 lake	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the Caspian Sea	the world's largest lake	370,000 square kilometres	by area	tree rules
2	is	present	sea's water			salty property	tree rules
3	flow	present	rivers such the Volga				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	flow out	present	none				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	leave	present	water				vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	evaporate	gerund	water not said here				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	stay	present	the salt			behind property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:006-islands-seas-and-lakes.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/10/