Deuteronomy 1:12 דְּבָרִים
Who acts: I, your · What happens: bear, burden · To what, where: cumbrance
This is Deuteronomy 1:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, your — and what happens in the verse to cumbrance, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אֵיכָ֥ה אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם וְרִֽיבְכֶֽם׃
How can I myself alone bear your cumbrance, and your burden, and your strife?
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אֵיכָ֥ה | אֵיכָה | INTJ | _ | 2 אֶשָּׂ֖א | discourse | how? |
| 2 | אֶשָּׂ֖א | נָשָׂא | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | root | root | will I bear |
| 3 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 4 בַדּ | case | I |
| 4 | בַדּ | בַּד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 אֶשָּׂ֖א | obl | |
| 5 | ִ֑י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 בַדּ | nmod:poss | alone |
| 6 | טָרְח | טֹרַח | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 אֶשָּׂ֖א | obj | burden |
| 7 | ֲכֶ֥ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 טָרְח | nmod:poss | your |
| 8 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 מַֽשַּׂא | cc | and |
| 9 | מַֽשַּׂא | מַשָּׂא | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 טָרְח | conj | burden |
| 10 | ֲכֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 מַֽשַּׂא | nmod:poss | your |
| 11 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 12 רִֽיב | cc | and |
| 12 | רִֽיב | רִיב | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 טָרְח | conj | dispute[s] |
| 13 | ְכֶֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 רִֽיב | nmod:poss | your |
| 14 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 13 ְכֶֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אֶשָּׂא will I bear | yiqtol · qal | טָרְח burden + מַֽשַּׂא burden + רִֽיב dispute[s] |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
אֶכְדֵין אֵסוֹבַר בִּלְחוֹדִי טָרְחֲכוֹן וְעִסְקֵיכוֹן וְדִינְכוֹן
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:11.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.12/