Deuteronomy 12:2 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: Ye, nations · What happens: destroy, dispossess, serve · To what, where: places, nations, gods

This is Deuteronomy 12:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ye, nations — and what happens in the verse to places, nations, gods, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַבֵּ֣ד תְּ֠אַבְּדוּן אֶֽת־כָּל־הַמְּקֹמ֞וֹת אֲשֶׁ֧ר עָֽבְדוּ־שָׁ֣ם הַגּוֹיִ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם יֹרְשִׁ֥ים אֹתָ֖ם אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם עַל־הֶהָרִ֤ים הָֽרָמִים֙ וְעַל־הַגְּבָע֔וֹת וְתַ֖חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָן׃

Ye shall surely destroy all the places, wherein the nations that ye are to dispossess served their gods, upon the high mountains, and upon the hills, and under every leafy tree.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַבֵּ֣ד	אָבַד	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	2 תְּ֠אַבְּדוּ	obl:npmod	certainly (destroy)
2	תְּ֠אַבְּדוּ	אָבַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	you
3	ן	נ	X	_	2 תְּ֠אַבְּדוּ	nmod	will destroy
4	אֶֽת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 כָּל־	case	(et)
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 תְּ֠אַבְּדוּ	obj	all
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 מְּקֹמ֞וֹת	det	the
7	מְּקֹמ֞וֹת	מָקוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 כָּל־	compound:smixut	places
8	אֲשֶׁ֧ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	9 עָֽבְדוּ־	mark	where
9	עָֽבְדוּ־	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 כָּל־	acl:relcl	they have served
10	שָׁ֣ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	9 עָֽבְדוּ־	advmod	there
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 גּוֹיִ֗ם	det	the
12	גּוֹיִ֗ם	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 עָֽבְדוּ־	nsubj	nations
13	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 יֹרְשִׁ֥ים	mark	whom
14	אַתֶּ֛ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 יֹרְשִׁ֥ים	nsubj	you
15	יֹרְשִׁ֥ים	יָרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	12 גּוֹיִ֗ם	acl:relcl	[are] about to dispossess
16	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	17 ָ֖ם	case
17	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יֹרְשִׁ֥ים	obj	them
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 אֱלֹהֵי	case	(et)
19	אֱלֹהֵי	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 עָֽבְדוּ־	obj	gods
20	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 אֱלֹהֵי	nmod:poss	their
21	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	23 הָרִ֤ים	case	on
22	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 הָרִ֤ים	det	the
23	הָרִ֤ים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 תְּ֠אַבְּדוּ	obl	mountains
24	הָֽ	הַ	SCONJ	_	25 רָמִים֙	mark	(the)
25	רָמִים֙	רוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	23 הָרִ֤ים	acl:relcl	high
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 גְּבָע֔וֹת	cc	and
27	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	29 גְּבָע֔וֹת	case	on
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 גְּבָע֔וֹת	det	the
29	גְּבָע֔וֹת	גִּבְעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	23 הָרִ֤ים	conj	hills
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 תַ֖חַת	cc	and
31	תַ֖חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	23 הָרִ֤ים	conj	under
32	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 תַ֖חַת	compound:smixut	every
33	עֵ֥ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 כָּל־	compound:smixut	tree
34	רַעֲנָן	רַעֲנָן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 עֵ֥ץ	amod	luxuriant
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 רַעֲנָן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תְּאַבְּדוּ you	yiqtol · piel		מְּקֹמוֹת places
עָֽבְדוּ־ they have served	qatal · qal	גּוֹיִם nations	אֱלֹהֵי gods
יֹרְשִׁים [are] about to dispossess	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם you	ָם them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אַבָּדָא תְאַבְּדוּן יָת כָּל אַתְרַיָא דִי פְלָחוּ תַמָן עַמְמַיָא דִי אַתּוּן יָרְתִין יָתְהוֹן יָת טַעֲוָתְהוֹן עַל טוּרַיָא רָמַיָא וְעַל רָמָתָא וּתְחוֹת כָּל אִילַן עַבּוֹף

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Ye shall surely destroy all the places, wherein the nations that ye are to dispossess served their gods, upon the high mountains, and upon the hills, and under every leafy tree.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:349.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.12.2/