Deuteronomy 20:8 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: officers, man, heart · What happens: speak, say, be, let, go, return · To what, where: man · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Deuteronomy 20:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — officers, man, heart — and what happens in the verse to man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיָסְפ֣וּ הַשֹּׁטְרִים֮ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־הָעָם֒ וְאָמְר֗וּ מִי־הָאִ֤ישׁ הַיָּרֵא֙ וְרַ֣ךְ הַלֵּבָ֔ב יֵלֵ֖ךְ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לְבֵית֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יִמַּ֛ס אֶת־לְבַ֥ב אֶחָ֖יו כִּלְבָבֽוֹ׃

And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say: 'What man is there that is fearful and faint-hearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren's heart melt as his heart.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָסְפ֣וּ	cc	and
2	יָסְפ֣וּ	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they will repeat
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שֹּׁטְרִים֮	det	the
4	שֹּׁטְרִים֮	שֹׁטֵר	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יָסְפ֣וּ	nsubj	officials
5	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	6 דַבֵּ֣ר	case	to
6	דַבֵּ֣ר	דָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	2 יָסְפ֣וּ	xcomp	speak
7	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 עָם֒	case	to
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 עָם֒	det	the
9	עָם֒	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 דַבֵּ֣ר	obl	people
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 אָמְר֗וּ	cc	and
11	אָמְר֗וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָסְפ֣וּ	conj	they will say
12	מִי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	11 אָמְר֗וּ	ccomp	who?
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אִ֤ישׁ	det	[is] the
14	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 מִי־	nsubj	man
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 יָּרֵא֙	det	(the)
16	יָּרֵא֙	יָרֵא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 אִ֤ישׁ	amod	fearful
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 רַ֣ךְ	cc	and (the)
18	רַ֣ךְ	רַךְ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָּרֵא֙	amod	weak
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 לֵּבָ֔ב	det	of (the)
20	לֵּבָ֔ב	לֵבָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 רַ֣ךְ	compound:smixut	heart
21	יֵלֵ֖ךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 מִי־	parataxis	let him go
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יָשֹׁ֣ב	cc	and
23	יָשֹׁ֣ב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	21 יֵלֵ֖ךְ	conj	let him return
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 בֵית	case	to
25	בֵית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יָשֹׁ֣ב	obl	house
26	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 בֵית	nmod:poss	his
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 יִמַּ֛ס	cc	and
28	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	29 יִמַּ֛ס	advmod	not
29	יִמַּ֛ס	מָסַס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 מִי־	conj	it will be melted
30	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	31 לְבַ֥ב	case	(et)
31	לְבַ֥ב	לֵבָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 יִמַּ֛ס	nsubj	the heart
32	אֶחָ֖י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	31 לְבַ֥ב	compound:smixut	his countrymen
33	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 אֶחָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
34	כִּ	כְּ	ADP	_	35 לְבָב	case	like
35	לְבָב	לֵבָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 יִמַּ֛ס	obl	heart
36	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 לְבָב	nmod:poss	his
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יָסְפוּ they will repeat	weqatal · qal	שֹּׁטְרִים officials
דַבֵּר speak	infinitive construct · piel	שֹּׁטְרִים officials
אָמְרוּ they will say	weqatal · qal	שֹּׁטְרִים officials
יֵלֵךְ let him go	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man
יָשֹׁב let him return	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man
not יִמַּס it will be melted	yiqtol · niphal	לְבַב the heart

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְיוֹסְפוּן סָרְכַיָא לְמַלָלָא עִם עַמָא וְיֵימְרוּן מָן גַבְרָא דְדָחֵל וּתְבִיר לִבָּא יְהַךְ וִיתוּב לְבֵיתֵהּ וְלָא יִתְּבַר יָת לִבָּא דַאַחוֹהִי כְּלִבֵּהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say: 'What man is there that is fearful and faint-hearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren's heart melt as his heart.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:542.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.20.8/