Deuteronomy 30:12 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: soul, thou, us, we · What happens: not be, say, go up, bring, make, hear · To what, where: heaven, soul, us · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Deuteronomy 30:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — soul, thou, us, we — and what happens in the verse to heaven, soul, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לֹ֥א בַשָּׁמַ֖יִם הִ֑וא לֵאמֹ֗ר מִ֣י יַעֲלֶה־לָּ֤נוּ הַשָּׁמַ֙יְמָה֙ וְיִקָּחֶ֣הָ לָּ֔נוּ וְיַשְׁמִעֵ֥נוּ אֹתָ֖הּ וְנַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה׃

It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say: 'Who shall go up for us to heaven, and bring it unto us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	4 שָּׁמַ֖יִם	advmod	not
2	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 שָּׁמַ֖יִם	case	[is] in
3	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שָּׁמַ֖יִם	det	the
4	שָּׁמַ֖יִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	root	root	heavens
5	הִ֑וא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 שָּׁמַ֖יִם	nsubj	it
6	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	9 יַעֲלֶה־	mark	to
7	אמֹ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	6 לֵ	fixed	say
8	מִ֣י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	9 יַעֲלֶה־	nsubj	who?
9	יַעֲלֶה־	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 שָּׁמַ֖יִם	advcl	will he go up
10	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	11 ָ֤נוּ	case	for
11	ָ֤נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 יַעֲלֶה־	obl	us
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 שָּׁמַ֙יְמ	det	to
13	שָּׁמַ֙יְמ	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 יַעֲלֶה־	obl	the
14	ָה֙	ה	X	_	13 שָּׁמַ֙יְמ	nmod	heavens
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִקָּח	cc	so
16	יִקָּח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 יַעֲלֶה־	conj	that
17	ֶ֣הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 יִקָּח	obj	he may fetch it
18	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	19 ָ֔נוּ	case	for
19	ָ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 יִקָּח	obl	us
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יַשְׁמִע	cc	and
21	יַשְׁמִע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	9 יַעֲלֶה־	conj	so
22	ֵ֥נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 יַשְׁמִע	obj	that he may make us hear
23	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	24 ָ֖הּ	case
24	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 יַשְׁמִע	xcomp	it
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 נַעֲשׂ	cc	and
26	נַעֲשׂ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	9 יַעֲלֶה־	conj	so
27	ֶֽנָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 נַעֲשׂ	obj	that we may do it
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 ֶֽנָּה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · neg

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אמֹר say	infinitive construct · qal		יַעֲלֶה־ will he go up + יִקָּח that + יַשְׁמִע so + נַעֲשׂ so
יַעֲלֶה־ will he go up	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?
יִקָּח that	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?	ֶהָ he may fetch it
יַשְׁמִע so	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵנוּ that he may make us hear	ָהּ it	מִי who?
נַעֲשׂ so	cohortative · qal		ֶֽנָּה that we may do it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

לָא בִשְׁמַיָא הִיא לְמֵימָר מָן יִסַק לָנָא לִשְׁמַיָא וְיִסְבַהּ לָנָא וְיַשְׁמְעִנָנָא יָתַהּ וְנַעְבְּדִנַהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say: 'Who shall go up for us to heaven, and bring it unto us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:827.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.30.12/