Deuteronomy 30:13 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: soul, thou, us, we · What happens: be, say, go, bring, make, hear · To what, where: sea, soul, us · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Deuteronomy 30:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — soul, thou, us, we — and what happens in the verse to sea, soul, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלֹֽא־מֵעֵ֥בֶר לַיָּ֖ם הִ֑וא לֵאמֹ֗ר מִ֣י יַעֲבָר־לָ֜נוּ אֶל־עֵ֤בֶר הַיָּם֙ וְיִקָּחֶ֣הָ לָּ֔נוּ וְיַשְׁמִעֵ֥נוּ אֹתָ֖הּ וְנַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה׃

Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldest say: 'Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it unto us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 עֵ֥בֶר	cc	and
2	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	4 עֵ֥בֶר	advmod	not
3	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	4 עֵ֥בֶר	case	[is] from [the]
4	עֵ֥בֶר	עֵבֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	other side
5	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	7 יָּ֖ם	case	of
6	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יָּ֖ם	det	the
7	יָּ֖ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עֵ֥בֶר	nmod	sea
8	הִ֑וא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 עֵ֥בֶר	nsubj	it
9	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	12 יַעֲבָר־	mark	to
10	אמֹ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	9 לֵ	fixed	say
11	מִ֣י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	12 יַעֲבָר־	nsubj	who?
12	יַעֲבָר־	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 עֵ֥בֶר	advcl	will he pass over
13	ל	לְ	ADP	_	14 ָ֜נוּ	case	for
14	ָ֜נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 יַעֲבָר־	obl	us
15	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	16 עֵ֤בֶר	case	to
16	עֵ֤בֶר	עֵבֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 יַעֲבָר־	obl	the other side
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 יָּם֙	det	of
18	יָּם֙	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 עֵ֤בֶר	compound:smixut	the sea
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יִקָּח	cc	so
20	יִקָּח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 יַעֲבָר־	conj	that
21	ֶ֣הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יִקָּח	obj	he may fetch it
22	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	23 ָ֔נוּ	case	for
23	ָ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 יִקָּח	obl	us
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יַשְׁמִע	cc	and
25	יַשְׁמִע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	12 יַעֲבָר־	conj	so
26	ֵ֥נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 יַשְׁמִע	obj	that he may make us hear
27	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	28 ָ֖הּ	case
28	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 יַשְׁמִע	xcomp	it
29	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 נַעֲשׂ	cc	and
30	נַעֲשׂ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	12 יַעֲבָר־	conj	so
31	ֶֽנָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 נַעֲשׂ	obj	that we may do it
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 ֶֽנָּה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · neg

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אמֹר say	infinitive construct · qal		יַעֲבָר־ will he pass over + יִקָּח that + יַשְׁמִע so + נַעֲשׂ so
יַעֲבָר־ will he pass over	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?
יִקָּח that	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?	ֶהָ he may fetch it
יַשְׁמִע so	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵנוּ that he may make us hear	ָהּ it	מִי who?
נַעֲשׂ so	yiqtol · qal		ֶֽנָּה that we may do it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְלָא מֵעִבְרָא לְיַמָא הִיא לְמֵימַר מָן יֵעִבַר לָנָא לְעִבְרָא דְיַמָא וְיִסְבַהּ לָנָא וְיַשְׁמְעִנָנָא יָתַהּ וְנַעְבְּדִנַהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldest say: 'Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it unto us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:828.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.30.13/