Deuteronomy 4:12 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: LORD, ye · What happens: speak, hear, see · To what, where: midst, voice, form · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Deuteronomy 4:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, ye — and what happens in the verse to midst, voice, form, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם מִתּ֣וֹךְ הָאֵ֑שׁ ק֤וֹל דְּבָרִים֙ אַתֶּ֣ם שֹׁמְעִ֔ים וּתְמוּנָ֛ה אֵינְכֶ֥ם רֹאִ֖ים זוּלָתִ֥י קֽוֹל׃

And the LORD spoke unto you out of the midst of the fire; ye heard the voice of words, but ye saw no form; only a voice.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְדַבֵּ֧ר	cc	and
2	יְדַבֵּ֧ר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he spoke
3	יְהוָ֛ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יְדַבֵּ֧ר	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֲלֵי	אֶל	ADP	_	5 כֶ֖ם	case	to
5	כֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 יְדַבֵּ֧ר	obl	you
6	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	7 תּ֣וֹךְ	case	from
7	תּ֣וֹךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְדַבֵּ֧ר	obl	the middle
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 אֵ֑שׁ	det	of
9	אֵ֑שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 תּ֣וֹךְ	compound:smixut	the fire
10	ק֤וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 שֹׁמְעִ֔ים	obj	a sound
11	דְּבָרִים֙	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 ק֤וֹל	compound:smixut	of words
12	אַתֶּ֣ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 שֹׁמְעִ֔ים	nsubj	you
13	שֹׁמְעִ֔ים	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יְדַבֵּ֧ר	ccomp	[were] hearing
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 רֹאִ֖ים	cc	and
15	תְמוּנָ֛ה	תְּמוּנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 רֹאִ֖ים	obj	a form
16	אֵינ	אַיִן	ADV	_	18 רֹאִ֖ים	advmod	not
17	ְכֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 רֹאִ֖ים	nsubj	you
18	רֹאִ֖ים	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	13 שֹׁמְעִ֔ים	conj	[were] seeing
19	זוּלָתִ֥י	זוּלָה	ADP	_	20 קֽוֹל	case	except
20	קֽוֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 רֹאִ֖ים	obl	a voice
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 קֽוֹל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְדַבֵּר he spoke	wayyiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh
שֹׁמְעִים [were] hearing	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם you	קוֹל a sound
not רֹאִים [were] seeing	participle active · qal	ְכֶם you	תְמוּנָה a form

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּמַלִיל יְיָ עִמְכוֹן מִגוֹ אֶשְׁתָא קַל פִּתְגָמִין אַתּוּן שָׁמְעִין וּדְמוּת לֵיתֵיכוֹן חָזָן אֱלָהֵן קָלָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the LORD spoke unto you out of the midst of the fire; ye heard the voice of words, but ye saw no form; only a voice.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:123.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.12/