Exodus 13:18 שְׁמוֹת
Who acts: God, children · What happens: lead, go up · To what, where: people, land
This is Exodus 13:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, children — and what happens in the verse to people, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיַּסֵּ֨ב אֱלֹהִ֧ים ׀ אֶת־הָעָ֛ם דֶּ֥רֶךְ הַמִּדְבָּ֖ר יַם־ס֑וּף וַחֲמֻשִׁ֛ים עָל֥וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יַּסֵּ֨ב | cc | and |
| 2 | יַּסֵּ֨ב | סָבַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he caused to go around |
| 3 | אֱלֹהִ֧ים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 יַּסֵּ֨ב | nsubj | God |
| 4 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 3 אֱלֹהִ֧ים | punct | |
| 5 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 7 עָ֛ם | case | (et) |
| 6 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 7 עָ֛ם | det | the |
| 7 | עָ֛ם | עַם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 יַּסֵּ֨ב | obj | people |
| 8 | דֶּ֥רֶךְ | דֶּרֶךְ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 יַּסֵּ֨ב | obl | the way |
| 9 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 10 מִּדְבָּ֖ר | det | of |
| 10 | מִּדְבָּ֖ר | מִדְבָּר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 דֶּ֥רֶךְ | compound:smixut | the wilderness |
| 11 | יַם־ | יָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 יַּסֵּ֨ב | obl | [the] sea |
| 12 | ס֑וּף | סוּף | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 יַם־ | compound:smixut | of reed[s] |
| 13 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 15 עָל֥וּ | cc | and |
| 14 | חֲמֻשִׁ֛ים | חמשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 15 עָל֥וּ | obl:npmod | arrayed for battle |
| 15 | עָל֥וּ | עָלָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יַּסֵּ֨ב | conj | they went up |
| 16 | בְנֵי־ | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 15 עָל֥וּ | nsubj | the people |
| 17 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 16 בְנֵי־ | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 18 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 19 אֶ֥רֶץ | case | from |
| 19 | אֶ֥רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 עָל֥וּ | obl | the land |
| 20 | מִצְרָֽיִם | מִצְרַיִם | PROPN | _ | 19 אֶ֥רֶץ | compound:smixut | of Egypt |
| 21 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 20 מִצְרָֽיִם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יַּסֵּב he caused to go around | wayyiqtol · hiphil | עָם people | אֱלֹהִים God | ||
| חֲמֻשִׁים arrayed for battle | participle passive · qal | בְנֵי־ the people | |||
| עָלוּ they went up | qatal · qal | בְנֵי־ the people |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וְאַסְחַר יְיָ יָת עַמָא אֹרַח מַדְבְּרָא יַמָא דְסוּף וּמְזָרְזִין סְלִיקוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:352.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.18/