Exodus 14:10 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Pharaoh, children, Egyptians · What happens: draw, lift up, march, be, cry out · To what, where: eyes

This is Exodus 14:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Pharaoh, children, Egyptians — and what happens in the verse to eyes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּפַרְעֹ֖ה הִקְרִ֑יב וַיִּשְׂאוּ֩ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל אֶת־עֵינֵיהֶ֜ם וְהִנֵּ֥ה מִצְרַ֣יִם ׀ נֹסֵ֣עַ אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיִּֽירְאוּ֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃

And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid; and the children of Israel cried out unto the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 הִקְרִ֑יב	cc	and
2	פַרְעֹ֖ה	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	3 הִקְרִ֑יב	nsubj	Pharaoh
3	הִקְרִ֑יב	קָרַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he drew near
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יִּשְׂאוּ֩	cc	and
5	יִּשְׂאוּ֩	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 הִקְרִ֑יב	conj	they lifted up
6	בְנֵֽי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 יִּשְׂאוּ֩	nsubj	the people
7	יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	6 בְנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of Israel
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 עֵינֵי	case	(et)
9	עֵינֵי	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	5 יִּשְׂאוּ֩	obj	eyes
10	הֶ֜ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 עֵינֵי	nmod:poss	their
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 נֹסֵ֣עַ	cc	and
12	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	15 נֹסֵ֣עַ	discourse	there!
13	מִצְרַ֣יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	15 נֹסֵ֣עַ	nsubj	Egypt
14	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	13 מִצְרַ֣יִם	punct
15	נֹסֵ֣עַ	נָסַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 הִקְרִ֑יב	conj	[was] marching
16	אַחֲרֵי	אַחַר	ADP	_	17 הֶ֗ם	case	after
17	הֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 נֹסֵ֣עַ	obl	them
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִּֽירְאוּ֙	cc	and
19	יִּֽירְאוּ֙	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 הִקְרִ֑יב	conj	they were afraid
20	מְאֹ֔ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	19 יִּֽירְאוּ֙	advmod	exceedingly
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יִּצְעֲק֥וּ	cc	and
22	יִּצְעֲק֥וּ	צָעַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 הִקְרִ֑יב	conj	they cried out
23	בְנֵֽי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 יִּצְעֲק֥וּ	nsubj	the people
24	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	23 בְנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of Israel
25	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	26 יְהוָֽה	case	to
26	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	22 יִּצְעֲק֥וּ	obl	Yahweh
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הִקְרִיב he drew near	qatal · hiphil	פַרְעֹה Pharaoh
יִּשְׂאוּ they lifted up	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people	עֵינֵי eyes
נֹסֵעַ [was] marching	participle active · qal	מִצְרַיִם Egypt
יִּֽירְאוּ they were afraid	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
יִּצְעֲקוּ they cried out	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּפַרְעֹה קְרֵיב וּזְקָפוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יָת עֵינֵיהוֹן וְהָא מִצְרָאֵי נַטְלִין בַּתְרֵיהוֹן וּדְחִילוּ לַחֲדָא וּזְעִיקוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid; and the children of Israel cried out unto the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:366.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.10/