Exodus 14:23 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Egyptians · What happens: pursue, go in · To what, where: midst

This is Exodus 14:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Egyptians — and what happens in the verse to midst, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּ֚ל ס֣וּס פַּרְעֹ֔ה רִכְבּ֖וֹ וּפָרָשָׁ֑יו אֶל־תּ֖וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃

And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּרְדְּפ֤וּ	cc	and
2	יִּרְדְּפ֤וּ	רָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they pursued
3	מִצְרַ֙יִם֙	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	2 יִּרְדְּפ֤וּ	nsubj	Egypt
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	cc	and
5	יָּבֹ֣אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּרְדְּפ֤וּ	conj	they went
6	אַחֲרֵי	אַחַר	ADP	_	7 הֶ֔ם	case	after
7	הֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	obl	them
8	כֹּ֚ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	nsubj	every
9	ס֣וּס	סוּס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 כֹּ֚ל	compound:smixut	(the) horse
10	פַּרְעֹ֔ה	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	9 ס֣וּס	compound:smixut	of Pharaoh
11	רִכְבּ	רֶכֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 כֹּ֚ל	conj	chariotry
12	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 רִכְבּ	nmod:poss	his
13	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 פָרָשָׁ֑י	cc	and
14	פָרָשָׁ֑י	פָּרָשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 כֹּ֚ל	conj	horsemen
15	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 פָרָשָׁ֑י	nmod:poss	his
16	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	17 תּ֖וֹךְ	case	into
17	תּ֖וֹךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יָּבֹ֣אוּ	obl	the middle
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 יָּֽם	det	of
19	יָּֽם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 תּ֖וֹךְ	compound:smixut	the sea
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 יָּֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּרְדְּפוּ they pursued	wayyiqtol · qal	מִצְרַיִם Egypt
יָּבֹאוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal	סוּס (the) horse + רִכְבּ chariotry + פָרָשָׁי horsemen

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּרְדָפוּ מִצְרָאֵי וְעַלוּ בַתְרֵיהוֹן כֹּל סוּסָוַת פַּרְעֹה רְתִכּוֹהִי וּפָרָשׁוֹהִי לְגוֹ יַמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:379.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.23/