Exodus 14:24 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: LORD · What happens: come, pass, look, discomfit · To what, where: sea, morning watch, pillar, host

This is Exodus 14:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to sea, morning watch, pillar, host, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיְהִי֙ בְּאַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּשְׁקֵ֤ף יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ וְעָנָ֑ן וַיָּ֕הָם אֵ֖ת מַחֲנֵ֥ה מִצְרָֽיִם׃

And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִי֙	cc	and
2	יְהִי֙	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 אַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת	case	in
4	אַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת	אַשְׁמֹרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יְהִי֙	obl	the watch
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 בֹּ֔קֶר	det	of
6	בֹּ֔קֶר	בֹּקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת	compound:smixut	the morning
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יַּשְׁקֵ֤ף	cc	and
8	יַּשְׁקֵ֤ף	שָׁקַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֙	conj	he looked down
9	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 יַּשְׁקֵ֤ף	nsubj	Yahweh
10	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	11 מַחֲנֵ֣ה	case	to
11	מַחֲנֵ֣ה	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 יַּשְׁקֵ֤ף	obl	the camp
12	מִצְרַ֔יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	11 מַחֲנֵ֣ה	compound:smixut	of Egypt
13	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 עַמּ֥וּד	case	in
14	עַמּ֥וּד	עַמּוּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יַּשְׁקֵ֤ף	obl	a pillar
15	אֵ֖שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 עַמּ֥וּד	compound:smixut	of fire
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 עָנָ֑ן	cc	and
17	עָנָ֑ן	עָנָן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 אֵ֖שׁ	conj	cloud
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יָּ֕הָם	cc	and
19	יָּ֕הָם	הָמַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֙	conj	he confused
20	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	21 מַחֲנֵ֥ה	case	(et)
21	מַחֲנֵ֥ה	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 יָּ֕הָם	obj	the camp
22	מִצְרָֽיִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	21 מַחֲנֵ֥ה	compound:smixut	of Egypt
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 מִצְרָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּשְׁקֵף he looked down	wayyiqtol · hiphil	יְהוָה Yahweh
יָּהָם he confused	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	מַחֲנֵה the camp

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲוָה בְּמַטְרַת צַפְרָא וְאִסְתְּכֵי יְיָ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא דְמִצְרָאֵי בְּעַמוּדָא דְאֶשָׁתָא וַעֲנָנָא וְשַׁגִישׁ יָת מַשְׁרִיתָא דְמִצְרָאֵי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:380.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.24/