Exodus 14:25 שְׁמוֹת
Who acts: LORD, wheels, Egyptians, us · What happens: take off, make, drive, say, let, flee · To what, where: chariot wheels, wheels, us, face · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Exodus 14:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, wheels, Egyptians, us — and what happens in the verse to chariot wheels, wheels, us, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיָּ֗סַר אֵ֚ת אֹפַ֣ן מַרְכְּבֹתָ֔יו וַֽיְנַהֲגֵ֖הוּ בִּכְבֵדֻ֑ת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מִצְרַ֗יִם אָנ֙וּסָה֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֣י יְהוָ֔ה נִלְחָ֥ם לָהֶ֖ם בְּמִצְרָֽיִם
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יָּ֗סַר | cc | and |
| 2 | יָּ֗סַר | סוּר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he turned aside |
| 3 | אֵ֚ת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 4 אֹפַ֣ן | case | (et) |
| 4 | אֹפַ֣ן | אוֹפָן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 יָּ֗סַר | obj | the wheel[s] |
| 5 | מַרְכְּבֹתָ֔י | מֶרְכָּבָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 4 אֹפַ֣ן | compound:smixut | its chariots |
| 6 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 מַרְכְּבֹתָ֔י | nmod:poss | his |
| 7 | וַֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 יְנַהֲג | cc | and |
| 8 | יְנַהֲג | נָהַג | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יָּ֗סַר | conj | he |
| 9 | ֵ֖הוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 יְנַהֲג | obj | caused it to drive |
| 10 | בִּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 11 כְבֵדֻ֑ת | case | with |
| 11 | כְבֵדֻ֑ת | כְּבֵדֻת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 8 יְנַהֲג | obl | difficulty |
| 12 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 13 יֹּ֣אמֶר | cc | and |
| 13 | יֹּ֣אמֶר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יָּ֗סַר | conj | it said |
| 14 | מִצְרַ֗יִם | מִצְרַיִם | PROPN | _ | 13 יֹּ֣אמֶר | nsubj | Egypt |
| 15 | אָנ֙וּסָה֙ | נוּס | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 13 יֹּ֣אמֶר | ccomp | let me flee |
| 16 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 17 פְּנֵ֣י | case | from |
| 17 | פְּנֵ֣י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 אָנ֙וּסָה֙ | obl | before |
| 18 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 17 פְּנֵ֣י | compound:smixut | Israel |
| 19 | כִּ֣י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 21 נִלְחָ֥ם | mark | (dm) |
| 20 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 21 נִלְחָ֥ם | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 21 | נִלְחָ֥ם | לָחַם | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing | 15 אָנ֙וּסָה֙ | advcl | [is] fighting |
| 22 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 23 ָהֶ֖ם | case | for |
| 23 | ָהֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 נִלְחָ֥ם | obl | them |
| 24 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 25 מִצְרָֽיִם | case | against |
| 25 | מִצְרָֽיִם | מִצְרַיִם | PROPN | _ | 21 נִלְחָ֥ם | obl | Egypt |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · narrate · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יָּסַר he turned aside | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אֹפַן the wheel[s] | |||
| יְנַהֲג he | wayyiqtol · piel | ֵהוּ caused it to drive | |||
| יֹּאמֶר it said | wayyiqtol · qal | מִצְרַיִם Egypt | |||
| אָנוּסָה let me flee | cohortative · qal | מִצְרַיִם Egypt | |||
| נִלְחָם [is] fighting | participle active · niphal | יְהוָה Yahweh |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וְאַעְדִי יָת גַלְגַלֵי רְתִכּוֹהִי וּמְדַבְּרִין לְהוֹן בִּתְקוֹף וַאֲמַר מִצְרָאֵי נֵעִירוֹק מִן קֳדָם יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי דָא הִיא גְבֻרְתָּא דַיְיָ דַעֲבֵד לְהוֹן קְרָבִין בְּמִצְרָיִם:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:381.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.25/