Exodus 14:3 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Pharaoh, wilderness · What happens: say, entangle, shut in · To what, where: children · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 14:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Pharaoh, wilderness — and what happens in the verse to children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאָמַ֤ר פַּרְעֹה֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נְבֻכִ֥ים הֵ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ סָגַ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃

And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 אָמַ֤ר	cc	and
2	אָמַ֤ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will say
3	פַּרְעֹה֙	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	2 אָמַ֤ר	nsubj	Pharaoh
4	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	5 בְנֵ֣י	case	of
5	בְנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 אָמַ֤ר	obl	the people
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 בְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
7	נְבֻכִ֥ים	בּוּךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	2 אָמַ֤ר	ccomp	[are] wandering in confusion
8	הֵ֖ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 נְבֻכִ֥ים	nsubj	they
9	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 אָ֑רֶץ	case	in
10	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 אָ֑רֶץ	det	the
11	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 נְבֻכִ֥ים	obl	land
12	סָגַ֥ר	סָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 נְבֻכִ֥ים	parataxis	it has shut
13	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	14 הֶ֖ם	case	on
14	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 סָגַ֥ר	obl	them
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 מִּדְבָּֽר	det	the
16	מִּדְבָּֽר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 סָגַ֥ר	nsubj	wilderness
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 מִּדְבָּֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
אָמַר he will say	weqatal · qal	פַּרְעֹה Pharaoh
נְבֻכִים [are] wandering in confusion	participle active · niphal	הֵם they
סָגַר it has shut	qatal · qal	מִּדְבָּֽר wilderness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְיֵימַר פַּרְעֹה עַל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מְעַרְבְּלִין אִנוּן בְּאַרְעָא אֲחַד עֲלֵיהוֹן מַדְבְּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:359.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.3/