Exodus 14:5 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: people, we, Israel · What happens: tell, flee, turn, say, be, do · To what, where: honour, king, people, heart, this, Israel · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 14:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, we, Israel — and what happens in the verse to honour, king, people, heart, this, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֻּגַּד֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם כִּ֥י בָרַ֖ח הָעָ֑ם וַ֠יֵּהָפֵךְ לְבַ֨ב פַּרְעֹ֤ה וַעֲבָדָיו֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם וַיֹּֽאמרוּ֙ מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעָבְדֵֽנוּ׃

And it was told the king of Egypt that the people were fled; and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was turned towards the people, and they said: 'What is this we have done, that we have let Israel go from serving us?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֻּגַּד֙	cc	and
2	יֻּגַּד֙	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was told
3	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	4 מֶ֣לֶךְ	case	to
4	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֻּגַּד֙	obl	the king
5	מִצְרַ֔יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	4 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
6	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	7 בָרַ֖ח	mark	(dm) that
7	בָרַ֖ח	בָּרַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֻּגַּד֙	nsubj	it had fled
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 עָ֑ם	det	the
9	עָ֑ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 בָרַ֖ח	nsubj	people
10	וַ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֵּהָפֵךְ	cc	and
11	יֵּהָפֵךְ	הָפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֻּגַּד֙	conj	it was changed
12	לְבַ֨ב	לֵבָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֵּהָפֵךְ	nsubj	the heart
13	פַּרְעֹ֤ה	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	12 לְבַ֨ב	compound:smixut	of Pharaoh
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 עֲבָדָי	cc	and
15	עֲבָדָי	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 פַּרְעֹ֤ה	conj	servants
16	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 עֲבָדָי	nmod:poss	his
17	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	19 עָ֔ם	case	to
18	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 עָ֔ם	det	the
19	עָ֔ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֵּהָפֵךְ	obl	people
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֹּֽאמרוּ֙	cc	and
21	יֹּֽאמרוּ֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֻּגַּד֙	conj	they said
22	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	21 יֹּֽאמרוּ֙	ccomp	what?
23	זֹּ֣את	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 מַה־	nsubj	this
24	עָשִׂ֔ינוּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	23 זֹּ֣את	acl	have we done
25	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	26 שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ	mark	(cmp)
26	שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=1	22 מַה־	advcl	we have let go
27	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	28 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	case	(et)
28	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	26 שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ	obj	Israel
29	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	30 עָבְד	case	from
30	עָבְד	עָבַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	26 שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ	advcl	serving
31	ֵֽנוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	30 עָבְד	obj	us
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 ֵֽנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֻּגַּד it was told	wayyiqtol · hophal		בָרַח it had fled
בָרַח it had fled	qatal · qal	עָם people
יֵּהָפֵךְ it was changed	wayyiqtol · niphal		לְבַב the heart
יֹּֽאמרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	פַּרְעֹה of Pharaoh + עֲבָדָי servants
עָשִׂינוּ have we done	qatal · qal	פַּרְעֹה of Pharaoh + עֲבָדָי servants	זֹּאת this
שִׁלַּחְנוּ we have let go	qatal · piel	פַּרְעֹה of Pharaoh + עֲבָדָי servants	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
עָבְד serving	infinitive construct · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel	ֵֽנוּ us

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְאִתְחַוָא לְמַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם אֲרֵי אֲזַל עַמָא וְאִתְהֲפִיךְ לִבָּא דְפַרְעֹה וְעַבְדוֹהִי לְעַמָא וַאֲמָרוּ מָא דָא עֲבַדְנָא אֲרֵי שַׁלַחְנָא יָת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִפָּלְחָנָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it was told the king of Egypt that the people were fled; and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was turned towards the people, and they said: 'What is this we have done, that we have let Israel go from serving us?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:361.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.5/