Exodus 19:18 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: mount Sinai, LORD, smoke, whole mount, furnace · What happens: be, descend, ascend, quake, smoke · To what, where: smoke, fire

This is Exodus 19:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mount Sinai, LORD, smoke, whole mount, furnace — and what happens in the verse to smoke, fire, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַ֤ר סִינַי֙ עָשַׁ֣ן כֻּלּ֔וֹ מִ֠פְּנֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרַ֥ד עָלָ֛יו יְהוָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיַּ֤עַל עֲשָׁנוֹ֙ כְּעֶ֣שֶׁן הַכִּבְשָׁ֔ן וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָהָ֖ר מְאֹֽד׃

Now mount Sinai was altogether on smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire; and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 עָשַׁ֣ן	cc	and
2	הַ֤ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָשַׁ֣ן	nsubj	the mountain
3	סִינַי֙	סִינַי	PROPN	_	2 הַ֤ר	compound:smixut	of Sinai
4	עָשַׁ֣ן	עָשַׁן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was smoking
5	כֻּלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָשַׁ֣ן	obl	of it
6	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 כֻּלּ	nmod:poss	all
7	מִ֠	מִן	ADP	_	8 פְּנֵי	case	because
8	פְּנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 עָשַׁ֣ן	obl
9	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	10 יָרַ֥ד	mark	that
10	יָרַ֥ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 פְּנֵי	acl:relcl	he had come down
11	עָלָ֛י	עַל	ADP	_	12 ו	case	on
12	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 יָרַ֥ד	obl	it
13	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	10 יָרַ֥ד	nsubj	Yahweh
14	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 אֵ֑שׁ	case	in
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 אֵ֑שׁ	det	(the)
16	אֵ֑שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 יָרַ֥ד	obl	fire
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַּ֤עַל	cc	and
18	יַּ֤עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 עָשַׁ֣ן	conj	it went up
19	עֲשָׁנ	עָשָׁן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יַּ֤עַל	nsubj	smoke
20	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 עֲשָׁנ	nmod:poss	its
21	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	22 עֶ֣שֶׁן	case	like
22	עֶ֣שֶׁן	עָשָׁן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יַּ֤עַל	obl	the smoke
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 כִּבְשָׁ֔ן	det	of (the)
24	כִּבְשָׁ֔ן	כִּבְשָׁן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 עֶ֣שֶׁן	compound:smixut	kiln
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	cc	and
26	יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	חָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 עָשַׁ֣ן	conj	it trembled
27	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	nsubj	all
28	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 הָ֖ר	det	the
29	הָ֖ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 כָּל־	compound:smixut	mountain
30	מְאֹֽד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	26 יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	advmod	exceedingly
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 מְאֹֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
עָשַׁן it was smoking	qatal · qal	הַר the mountain
יָרַד he had come down	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
יַּעַל it went up	wayyiqtol · qal	עֲשָׁנ smoke
יֶּחֱרַד it trembled	wayyiqtol · qal	הָר mountain

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְטוּרָא דְסִינַי תָּנַן כֻּלֵהּ מִן קֳדָם דְאִתְגְלִי עֲלוֹהִי יְיָ בְּאֶשָׁתָא וּסְלִיק תְּנָנֵהּ כִּתְנָנָא דְאַתּוּנָא וְזָע כָּל טוּרָא לַחֲדָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now mount Sinai was altogether on smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire; and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:511.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.19.18/