Exodus 20:25 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: thou · What happens: make, not build, hew, lift up, profane · To what, where: altar, Me, tool

This is Exodus 20:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou — and what happens in the verse to altar, Me, tool, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאִם־מִזְבַּ֤ח אֲבָנִים֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֔י לֹֽא־תִבְנֶ֥ה אֶתְהֶ֖ן גָּזִ֑ית כִּ֧י חַרְבְּךָ֛ הֵנַ֥פְתָּ עָלֶ֖יהָ וַתְּחַֽלְלֶֽהָ׃

And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	cc	and
2	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	mark	if
3	מִזְבַּ֤ח	מִזְבֵּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	obj	an altar
4	אֲבָנִים֙	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	3 מִזְבַּ֤ח	compound:smixut	of stones
5	תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will make
6	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	7 ִ֔י	case	for
7	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	obl	me
8	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	9 תִבְנֶ֥ה	advmod	not
9	תִבְנֶ֥ה	בָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	parataxis	you must build
10	אֶת	אֵת	ADP	_	11 ְהֶ֖ן	case
11	ְהֶ֖ן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 תִבְנֶ֥ה	obj	them
12	גָּזִ֑ית	גָּזִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 תִבְנֶ֥ה	obl	hewn [stone]
13	כִּ֧י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 הֵנַ֥פְתָּ	mark	(dm)
14	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	16 הֵנַ֥פְתָּ	obj	tool
15	ְךָ֛	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	your
16	הֵנַ֥פְתָּ	נוּף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־	parataxis	you have wielded
17	עָלֶ֖י	עַל	ADP	_	18 הָ	case	on
18	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 הֵנַ֥פְתָּ	obl	it
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 תְּחַֽלְל	cc	and
20	תְּחַֽלְל	חָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	16 הֵנַ֥פְתָּ	conj	you
21	ֶֽהָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 תְּחַֽלְל	obj	have profaned it
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ֶֽהָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ you will make	yiqtol · qal		מִזְבַּח an altar
not תִבְנֶה you must build	yiqtol · qal		ְהֶן them
הֵנַפְתָּ you have wielded	qatal · hiphil	חַרְבּ tool
תְּחַֽלְל you	wayyiqtol · piel		ֶֽהָ have profaned it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:543.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.25/