Exodus 9:34 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Pharaoh, rain · What happens: see, cease, sin, harden · To what, where: rain, heart · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 9:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Pharaoh, rain — and what happens in the verse to rain, heart, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֣רְא פַּרְעֹ֗ה כִּֽי־חָדַ֨ל הַמָּטָ֧ר וְהַבָּרָ֛ד וְהַקֹּלֹ֖ת וַיֹּ֣סֶף לַחֲטֹ֑א וַיַּכְבֵּ֥ד לִבּ֖וֹ ה֥וּא וַעֲבָדָֽיו׃

And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֣רְא	cc	and
2	יַּ֣רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he saw
3	פַּרְעֹ֗ה	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֣רְא	nsubj	Pharaoh
4	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	5 חָדַ֨ל	mark	(dm) that
5	חָדַ֨ל	חָדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֣רְא	ccomp	it had ceased
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 מָּטָ֧ר	det	the
7	מָּטָ֧ר	מָטַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 חָדַ֨ל	nsubj	rain
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 בָּרָ֛ד	cc	and
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 בָּרָ֛ד	det	the
10	בָּרָ֛ד	בָּרָד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מָּטָ֧ר	conj	hail
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 קֹּלֹ֖ת	cc	and
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 קֹּלֹ֖ת	det	the thunder
13	קֹּלֹ֖ת	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 מָּטָ֧ר	conj	claps
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יֹּ֣סֶף	cc	and
15	יֹּ֣סֶף	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֣רְא	conj	he repeated
16	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	17 חֲטֹ֑א	case	to
17	חֲטֹ֑א	חָטָא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	15 יֹּ֣סֶף	xcomp	sin
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יַּכְבֵּ֥ד	cc	and
19	יַּכְבֵּ֥ד	כָּבֵד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֣רְא	conj	he made unresponsive
20	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יַּכְבֵּ֥ד	obj	heart
21	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 לִבּ	nmod:poss	his
22	ה֥וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יַּכְבֵּ֥ד	nsubj	he
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 עֲבָדָֽי	cc	and
24	עֲבָדָֽי	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 ה֥וּא	conj	servants
25	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 עֲבָדָֽי	nmod:poss	his
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	פַּרְעֹה Pharaoh	חָדַל it had ceased
חָדַל it had ceased	qatal · qal	מָּטָר rain + בָּרָד hail + קֹּלֹת claps
יֹּסֶף he repeated	wayyiqtol · hiphil	פַּרְעֹה Pharaoh
חֲטֹא sin	infinitive construct · qal	פַּרְעֹה Pharaoh
יַּכְבֵּד he made unresponsive	wayyiqtol · hiphil	לִבּ heart		הוּא he + עֲבָדָֽי servants

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַחֲזָא פַרְעֹה אֲרֵי אִתְמְנַע מִטְרָא וּבַרְדָא וְקָלַיָא וְאוֹסֵף לְמֶחֱטֵי וְיַקְרֵהּ לְלִבֵּהּ הוּא וְעַבְדוֹהִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:243.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.34/