Genesis 12:19 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: thou, Pharaoh, I · What happens: say, be, take, behold, go · To what, where: sister, Pharaoh, wife, way · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 12:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, Pharaoh, I — and what happens in the verse to sister, Pharaoh, wife, way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לָמָ֤ה אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֔וא וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֹתָ֛הּ לִ֖י לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֥ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ קַ֥ח וָלֵֽךְ׃

Why saidst thou: She is my sister? so that I took her to be my wife; now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לָ	לָמָה	ADP	_	2 מָ֤ה	case
2	מָ֤ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	obl	why?
3	אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	did you say
4	אֲחֹ֣ת	אָחוֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	ccomp	sister
5	ִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 אֲחֹ֣ת	nmod:poss	[is] my
6	הִ֔וא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 אֲחֹ֣ת	nsubj	she
7	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 אֶקַּ֥ח	cc	and
8	אֶקַּ֥ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	conj	I took
9	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	10 ָ֛הּ	case
10	ָ֛הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 אֶקַּ֥ח	obj	her
11	ל	לְ	ADP	_	12 ִ֖י	case	for
12	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 אֶקַּ֥ח	obl	myself
13	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	14 אִשָּׁ֑ה	case	to
14	אִשָּׁ֑ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 אֶקַּ֥ח	obl	a wife
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 עַתָּ֕ה	cc	and
16	עַתָּ֕ה	עַתָּה	ADV	_	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	advmod	now
17	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	18 אִשְׁתּ	discourse	here!
18	אִשְׁתּ	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	parataxis	wife
19	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 אִשְׁתּ	nmod:poss	your
20	קַ֥ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	parataxis	take [her]
21	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 לֵֽךְ	cc	and
22	לֵֽךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙	conj	go
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 לֵֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
אָמַרְתָּ did you say	qatal · qal	אֲחֹת sister
אֶקַּח I took	wayyiqtol · qal	ָהּ her
קַח take [her]	imperative · qal	ָהּ her
לֵֽךְ go	imperative · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

לְמָא אֲמַרְתְּ אֲחָתִי הִיא וּדְבָרִית יָתַהּ לִי לְאִתּוּ וּכְעַן הָא אִתְּתָךְ דְּבַר וְאִיזֵל

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Why saidst thou: She is my sister? so that I took her to be my wife; now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:317.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.12.19/