Genesis 15:11 בְּרֵאשִׁית
Who acts: birds, Abram · What happens: come down, drive away · To what, where: carcasses, birds
This is Genesis 15:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — birds, Abram — and what happens in the verse to carcasses, birds, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיֵּ֥רֶד הָעַ֖יִט עַל־הַפְּגָרִ֑ים וַיַּשֵּׁ֥ב אֹתָ֖ם אַבְרָֽם׃
And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יֵּ֥רֶד | cc | and |
| 2 | יֵּ֥רֶד | יָרַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it came down |
| 3 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 4 עַ֖יִט | det | the bird[s] |
| 4 | עַ֖יִט | עַיִט | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 יֵּ֥רֶד | nsubj | of prey |
| 5 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 7 פְּגָרִ֑ים | case | on |
| 6 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 7 פְּגָרִ֑ים | det | the |
| 7 | פְּגָרִ֑ים | פֶּגֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 יֵּ֥רֶד | obl | carcasses |
| 8 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יַּשֵּׁ֥ב | cc | and |
| 9 | יַּשֵּׁ֥ב | נָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יֵּ֥רֶד | conj | he drove away |
| 10 | אֹת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 11 ָ֖ם | case | |
| 11 | ָ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 יַּשֵּׁ֥ב | obj | them |
| 12 | אַבְרָֽם | אַבְרָם | PROPN | _ | 9 יַּשֵּׁ֥ב | nsubj | Abram |
| 13 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 12 אַבְרָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֵּרֶד it came down | wayyiqtol · qal | עַיִט of prey | |||
| יַּשֵּׁב he drove away | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ָם them | אַבְרָֽם Abram |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וּנְחַת עוֹפָא עַל פַּגְלַיָא וְאַפְרַח יָתְהוֹן אַבְרָם
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:371.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.11/