Genesis 15:12 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: prey, sun, deep sleep, dread · What happens: come, pass, go down, fall · To what, where: Abram

This is Genesis 15:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — prey, sun, deep sleep, dread — and what happens in the verse to Abram, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לָב֔וֹא וְתַרְדֵּמָ֖ה נָפְלָ֣ה עַל־אַבְרָ֑ם וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵימָ֛ה חֲשֵׁכָ֥ה גְדֹלָ֖ה נֹפֶ֥לֶת עָלָֽיו׃

And it came to pass, that, when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, a dread, even a great darkness, fell upon him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֤י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֤י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙	det	the
4	שֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙	שֶׁמֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֤י	nsubj	sun
5	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	6 ב֔וֹא	case	[about] to
6	ב֔וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יְהִ֤י	advcl	go
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 נָפְלָ֣ה	cc	and
8	תַרְדֵּמָ֖ה	תַּרְדֵּמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 נָפְלָ֣ה	nsubj	a deep sleep
9	נָפְלָ֣ה	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֤י	conj	it fell
10	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	11 אַבְרָ֑ם	case	on
11	אַבְרָ֑ם	אַבְרָם	PROPN	_	9 נָפְלָ֣ה	obl	Abram
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 נֹפֶ֥לֶת	cc	and
13	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	17 נֹפֶ֥לֶת	discourse	there!
14	אֵימָ֛ה	אֵימָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 נֹפֶ֥לֶת	nsubj	dread
15	חֲשֵׁכָ֥ה	חֲשֵׁכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 אֵימָ֛ה	appos	darkness
16	גְדֹלָ֖ה	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 חֲשֵׁכָ֥ה	amod	great
17	נֹפֶ֥לֶת	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֤י	conj	[was] falling
18	עָלָֽי	עַל	ADP	_	19 ו	case	on
19	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 נֹפֶ֥לֶת	obl	him
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יְהִי it was	wayyiqtol · qal	שֶּׁמֶשׁ sun
בוֹא go	infinitive construct · qal	שֶּׁמֶשׁ sun
נָפְלָה it fell	qatal · qal	תַרְדֵּמָה a deep sleep
נֹפֶלֶת [was] falling	participle active · qal	אֵימָה dread

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲוָה שִׁמְשָׁא לְמֵיעַל וְשִׁינְתָא נְפָלַת עַל אַבְרָם וְהָא אֵימָתָא קְבֵל סַגִי נְפָלַת עֲלוֹהִי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, that, when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, a dread, even a great darkness, fell upon him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:372.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.12/