Genesis 15:17 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: iniquity, sun, thick darkness, flaming torch · What happens: come, pass, go down, be · To what, where: pieces

This is Genesis 15:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — iniquity, sun, thick darkness, flaming torch — and what happens in the verse to pieces, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ בָּ֔אָה וַעֲלָטָ֖ה הָיָ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֨ה תַנּ֤וּר עָשָׁן֙ וְלַפִּ֣יד אֵ֔שׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָבַ֔ר בֵּ֖ין הַגְּזָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃

And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and there was thick darkness, behold a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch that passed between these pieces.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֤י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֤י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙	det	the
4	שֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙	שֶׁמֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 בָּ֔אָה	nsubj	sun
5	בָּ֔אָה	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֤י	parataxis	it had gone
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 הָיָ֑ה	cc	and
7	עֲלָטָ֖ה	עֲלָטָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 הָיָ֑ה	nsubj	darkness
8	הָיָ֑ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 בָּ֔אָה	conj	it was
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 תַנּ֤וּר	cc	and
10	הִנֵּ֨ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	11 תַנּ֤וּר	discourse	there!
11	תַנּ֤וּר	תַּנּוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֤י	conj	a fire pot
12	עָשָׁן֙	עָשָׁן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 תַנּ֤וּר	compound:smixut	of smoke
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 לַפִּ֣יד	cc	and
14	לַפִּ֣יד	לַפִּיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 תַנּ֤וּר	conj	a torch
15	אֵ֔שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 לַפִּ֣יד	compound:smixut	of fire
16	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	17 עָבַ֔ר	mark	which
17	עָבַ֔ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 תַנּ֤וּר	acl:relcl	it passed
18	בֵּ֖ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	20 גְּזָרִ֥ים	case	between
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 גְּזָרִ֥ים	det	the
20	גְּזָרִ֥ים	גֶּזֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 עָבַ֔ר	obl	pieces
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אֵֽלֶּה	det	(the)
22	אֵֽלֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	20 גְּזָרִ֥ים	det	these
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 אֵֽלֶּה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
בָּאָה it had gone	qatal · qal	שֶּׁמֶשׁ sun
הָיָה it was	qatal · qal	עֲלָטָה darkness
עָבַר it passed	qatal · qal	תַנּוּר a fire pot + לַפִּיד a torch

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲוָה שִׁמְשָׁא עַלַת וְקִבְלָא הֲוָה וְהָא תַּנוּר דִתְנַן וּבָעוּר דְאֶשָׁתָא דִעֲדָא בֵּין פַּלְגַיָא הָאִלֵין

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and there was thick darkness, behold a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch that passed between these pieces.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:377.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.17/