Genesis 19:20 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: city, me, soul · What happens: be, flee, let, escape, not be, live · To what, where: little one, me

This is Genesis 19:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — city, me, soul — and what happens in the verse to little one, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִנֵּה־נָ֠א הָעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֧את קְרֹבָ֛ה לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וְהִ֣יא מִצְעָ֑ר אִמָּלְטָ֨ה נָּ֜א שָׁ֗מָּה הֲלֹ֥א מִצְעָ֛ר הִ֖וא וּתְחִ֥י נַפְשִֽׁי׃

Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one; oh, let me escape thither — is it not a little one? — and my soul shall live.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִנֵּה־	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	parataxis	here!
2	נָ֠א	נָא	INTJ	_	1 הִנֵּה־	discourse	please
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 עִ֨יר	det	the
4	עִ֨יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	nsubj	city
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 זֹּ֧את	det	(the)
6	זֹּ֧את	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 עִ֨יר	det	this
7	קְרֹבָ֛ה	קָרֹוב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	[is] near
8	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	9 נ֥וּס	case	to
9	נ֥וּס	נוּס	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	advcl	flee
10	שָׁ֖מּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	9 נ֥וּס	advmod	to
11	ָה	ה	X	_	10 שָׁ֖מּ	nmod	(to)
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 מִצְעָ֑ר	cc	and
13	הִ֣יא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 מִצְעָ֑ר	nsubj	it
14	מִצְעָ֑ר	מִצְעָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	conj	[is] a small place
15	אִמָּלְטָ֨ה	מָלַט	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=1	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	parataxis	let me escape
16	נָּ֜א	נָא	INTJ	_	15 אִמָּלְטָ֨ה	discourse	please
17	שָׁ֗מּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	15 אִמָּלְטָ֨ה	advmod	to
18	ָה	ה	X	_	17 שָׁ֗מּ	nmod	(to)
19	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	21 מִצְעָ֛ר	advmod	?
20	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	21 מִצְעָ֛ר	advmod	not
21	מִצְעָ֛ר	מִצְעָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	parataxis	a small place
22	הִ֖וא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 מִצְעָ֛ר	nsubj	[is] it
23	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 תְחִ֥י	cc	so
24	תְחִ֥י	חָיָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 קְרֹבָ֛ה	conj	that it may live
25	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 תְחִ֥י	nsubj	life
26	ִֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	my
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 ִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
נוּס flee	infinitive construct · qal
אִמָּלְטָה let me escape	cohortative · niphal
תְחִי that it may live	yiqtol · qal	נַפְשׁ life

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

הָא כְעַן קַרְתָּא הָדָא קְרִיבָא לְמֵעִירוֹק לְתַמָּן וְהִיא זְעֵירָא אִשְׁתְּזֵב כְּעַן תַּמָּן הֲלָא זְעֵירָא הִיא וְתִתְקַיַּם נַפְשִׁי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one; oh, let me escape thither — is it not a little one? — and my soul shall live.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:477.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.20/