Genesis 19:20 · JPS 1917
Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one; oh, let me escape thither — is it not a little one? — and my soul shall live.'
Who acts: city, me, soul · What happens: be, flee, let, escape, not be, live · To what, where: little one, me
This is Genesis 19:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, me, soul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 7 near | discourse |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 near | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 now | punct |
| 4 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 city | det |
| 5 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 near | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 near | cop |
| 7 | near | near | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 flee | mark |
| 9 | flee | flee | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 near | advcl |
| 10 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 9 flee | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 one | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 one | cc |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 one | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 one | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 one | det |
| 16 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 one | amod |
| 17 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 near | conj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 let | punct |
| 19 | oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 21 let | discourse |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 oh | punct |
| 21 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 near | parataxis |
| 22 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 let | obj |
| 23 | escape | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 let | xcomp |
| 24 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 23 escape | advmod |
| 25 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 one | punct |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 one | cop |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 one | nsubj |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 one | advmod |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 one | det |
| 30 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 one | amod |
| 31 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 near | parataxis |
| 32 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 31 one | punct |
| 33 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 live | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 live | cc |
| 35 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 soul | nmod:poss |
| 36 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 live | nsubj |
| 37 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 live | aux |
| 38 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 one | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 near | punct |
| 40 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 7 near | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- none
- polarity
- neg
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | this city | now | near property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | flee | to-infinitive | this city not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | city | a little one | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | let | infinitive | me | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | escape | infinitive | me not said here | thither property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | not is a | present | city | a little one | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | live | shall | my soul | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הִנֵּה־נָ֠א הָעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֧את קְרֹבָ֛ה לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וְהִ֣יא מִצְעָ֑ר אִמָּלְטָ֨ה נָּ֜א שָׁ֗מָּה הֲלֹ֥א מִצְעָ֛ר הִ֖וא וּתְחִ֥י נַפְשִֽׁי׃
Genesis 19:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:499 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.499/