Genesis 19:5 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: feet, men, we · What happens: call, say, be, come in, bring out, know · To what, where: men, thee, feet · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 19:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — feet, men, we — and what happens in the verse to men, thee, feet, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ אֶל־לוֹט֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ ל֔וֹ אַיֵּ֧ה הָאֲנָשִׁ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אוּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ הַלָּ֑יְלָה הוֹצִיאֵ֣ם אֵלֵ֔ינוּ וְנֵדְעָ֖ה אֹתָֽם׃

And they called unto Lot, and said unto him: 'Where are the men that came in to thee this night? bring them out unto us, that we may know them.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּקְרְא֤וּ	cc	and
2	יִּקְרְא֤וּ	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they called
3	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	4 לוֹט֙	case	to
4	לוֹט֙	לוֹט	PROPN	_	2 יִּקְרְא֤וּ	obl	Lot
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יֹּ֣אמְרוּ	cc	and
6	יֹּ֣אמְרוּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּקְרְא֤וּ	conj	they said
7	ל	לְ	ADP	_	8 ֔וֹ	case	to
8	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 יֹּ֣אמְרוּ	obl	him
9	אַיֵּ֧ה	אַיֵּה	PART	_	6 יֹּ֣אמְרוּ	ccomp	where?
10	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 אֲנָשִׁ֛ים	det	[are] the
11	אֲנָשִׁ֛ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 אַיֵּ֧ה	nsubj	men
12	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	13 בָּ֥אוּ	mark	who
13	בָּ֥אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	11 אֲנָשִׁ֛ים	acl:relcl	they came
14	אֵלֶ֖י	אֶל	ADP	_	15 ךָ	case	to
15	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 בָּ֥אוּ	obl	you
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 לָּ֑יְלָה	det	this
17	לָּ֑יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 בָּ֥אוּ	obl	night
18	הוֹצִיא	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	9 אַיֵּ֧ה	parataxis	bring
19	ֵ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 הוֹצִיא	obj	them
20	אֵלֵ֔י	אֶל	ADP	_	21 נוּ	case	to
21	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 הוֹצִיא	obl	us
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 נֵדְעָ֖ה	cc	so
23	נֵדְעָ֖ה	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	9 אַיֵּ֧ה	conj	that we may know
24	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	25 ָֽם	case
25	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 נֵדְעָ֖ה	obj	them
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּקְרְאוּ they called	wayyiqtol · qal
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal
בָּאוּ they came	qatal · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
הוֹצִיא bring	imperative · hiphil	ֵם them		לוֹט Lot
נֵדְעָה that we may know	cohortative · qal		ָֽם them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּקְרוֹ לְלוֹט וַאֲמָרוּ לֵהּ אָן גֻּבְרַיָא דִּי אֲתוֹ לְוָתָךְ לֵילְיָא אַפֵּקִנּוּן לְוָתָנָא וְנִדַּע יָתְהוֹן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they called unto Lot, and said unto him: 'Where are the men that came in to thee this night? bring them out unto us, that we may know them.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:462.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.5/