Genesis 21:14 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Abraham, Hagar · What happens: arise up, take, give, put, send away, depart · To what, where: bread, water, Hagar, wilderness

This is Genesis 21:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham, Hagar — and what happens in the verse to bread, water, Hagar, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם אַבְרָהָ֣ם ׀ בַּבֹּ֡קֶר וַיִּֽקַּֽח־לֶחֶם֩ וְחֵ֨מַת מַ֜יִם וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶל־הָ֠גָר שָׂ֧ם עַל־שִׁכְמָ֛הּ וְאֶת־הַיֶּ֖לֶד וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֶ֑הָ וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ וַתֵּ֔תַע בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר בְּאֵ֥ר שָֽׁבַע בְּאֵ֥ר שָֽׁבַע׃

And Abraham arose up early in the morning, and took bread and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away; and she departed, and strayed in the wilderness of Beer-sheba.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	cc	and
2	יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	שָׁכַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he rose early
3	אַבְרָהָ֣ם	אַבְרָהָם	PROPN	_	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	nsubj	Abraham
4	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	3 אַבְרָהָ֣ם	punct
5	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 בֹּ֡קֶר	case	in
6	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 בֹּ֡קֶר	det	the
7	בֹּ֡קֶר	בֹּקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	obl	morning
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּֽקַּֽח־	cc	and
9	יִּֽקַּֽח־	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	conj	he took
10	לֶחֶם֩	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 יִּֽקַּֽח־	obj	food
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 חֵ֨מַת	cc	and
12	חֵ֨מַת	חֵמֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 לֶחֶם֩	conj	a skin
13	מַ֜יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 חֵ֨מַת	compound:smixut	of water
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּתֵּ֣ן	cc	and
15	יִּתֵּ֣ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	conj	he gave [them]
16	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	17 הָ֠גָר	case	to
17	הָ֠גָר	הָגָר	PROPN	_	15 יִּתֵּ֣ן	obl	Hagar
18	שָׂ֧ם	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	15 יִּתֵּ֣ן	advcl	placing
19	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	20 שִׁכְמ	case	on
20	שִׁכְמ	שְׁכֶם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 שָׂ֧ם	obl	shoulder
21	ָ֛הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 שִׁכְמ	nmod:poss	her
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יֶּ֖לֶד	cc	and
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	25 יֶּ֖לֶד	case	(et)
24	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 יֶּ֖לֶד	det	the
25	יֶּ֖לֶד	יֶלֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּתֵּ֣ן	conj	boy
26	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יְשַׁלְּח	cc	and
27	יְשַׁלְּח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	conj	he
28	ֶ֑הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 יְשַׁלְּח	obj	sent her away
29	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 תֵּ֣לֶךְ	cc	and
30	תֵּ֣לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם	conj	she went
31	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 תֵּ֔תַע	cc	and
32	תֵּ֔תַע	תָּעָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	30 תֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	she wandered
33	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	34 מִדְבַּ֖ר	case	in
34	מִדְבַּ֖ר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 תֵּ֔תַע	obl	the wilderness
35	בְּאֵ֥ר	בְּאֵר	PROPN	_	34 מִדְבַּ֖ר	compound:smixut	of
36	שָֽׁבַע	_	PROPN	_	35 בְּאֵ֥ר	flat:name
37	בְּאֵ֥ר	שֶׁבַע	PROPN	_	34 מִדְבַּ֖ר	compound:smixut	Beer Sheba
38	שָֽׁבַע	_	PROPN	_	37 בְּאֵ֥ר	flat:name
39	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 בְּאֵ֥ר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּשְׁכֵּם he rose early	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אַבְרָהָם Abraham
יִּֽקַּֽח־ he took	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְרָהָם Abraham	לֶחֶם food + חֵמַת a skin
יִּתֵּן he gave [them]	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְרָהָם Abraham	לֶחֶם food + חֵמַת a skin + יֶּלֶד boy
שָׂם placing	participle active · qal	אַבְרָהָם Abraham	לֶחֶם food + חֵמַת a skin
יְשַׁלְּח he	wayyiqtol · piel	אַבְרָהָם Abraham	ֶהָ sent her away
תֵּלֶךְ she went	wayyiqtol · qal	הָגָר Hagar
תֵּתַע she wandered	wayyiqtol · qal	הָגָר Hagar

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְאַקְדֵּים אַבְרָהָם בְּצַפְרָא וּנְסִיב לַחֲמָא וְרָקְבָּא דְמַיָּא וִיהַב לְהָּגָר שַׁוֵי עַל כַּתְפַּהּ וְיָת רַבְיָא וְשַׁלְחַהּ וַאֲזָלַת וְתָעַת בְּמַדְבְּרָא (נ''א בְּמַדְבֵּר) בְּאֵר שָׁבַע

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Abraham arose up early in the morning, and took bread and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away; and she departed, and strayed in the wilderness of Beer-sheba.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:527.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.21.14/