Genesis 3:18 בְּרֵאשִׁית
Who acts: desire, thou · What happens: bring, eat · To what, where: Thorns, thee, herb
This is Genesis 3:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — desire, thou — and what happens in the verse to Thorns, thee, herb, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְק֥וֹץ וְדַרְדַּ֖ר תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ לָ֑ךְ וְאָכַלְתָּ֖ אֶת־עֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃
Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ | cc | and |
| 2 | ק֥וֹץ | קוֹץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ | obj | thorn[s] |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 דַרְדַּ֖ר | cc | and |
| 4 | דַרְדַּ֖ר | דַּרְדַּר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 ק֥וֹץ | conj | thistle[s] |
| 5 | תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ | צָמַח | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it will cause to sprout |
| 6 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 7 ָ֑ךְ | case | for |
| 7 | ָ֑ךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ | obl | you |
| 8 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 אָכַלְתָּ֖ | cc | and |
| 9 | אָכַלְתָּ֖ | אָכַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 5 תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ | conj | you will eat |
| 10 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 11 עֵ֥שֶׂב | case | (et) |
| 11 | עֵ֥שֶׂב | עֵשֶׂב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 אָכַלְתָּ֖ | obj | the vegetation |
| 12 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 13 שָּׂדֶֽה | det | of |
| 13 | שָּׂדֶֽה | שָׂדֶה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 עֵ֥שֶׂב | compound:smixut | the field |
| 14 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 13 שָּׂדֶֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- speech with no frame
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| תַּצְמִיחַֽ it will cause to sprout | yiqtol · hiphil | קוֹץ thorn[s] + דַרְדַּר thistle[s] | |||
| אָכַלְתָּ you will eat | weqatal · qal | עֵשֶׂב the vegetation |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וְכוּבִין וְאַטְדִּין תַּצְמַח לָךְ וְתֵיכוּל יָת עִסְבָּא דְחַקְלָא
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:73.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.3.18/