Genesis 39:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Potiphar, Ishmaelites · What happens: bring down, buy · To what, where: Joseph, Egypt

This is Genesis 39:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Potiphar, Ishmaelites — and what happens in the verse to Joseph, Egypt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיוֹסֵ֖ף הוּרַ֣ד מִצְרָ֑יְמָה וַיִּקְנֵ֡הוּ פּוֹטִיפַר֩ סְרִ֨יס פַּרְעֹ֜ה שַׂ֤ר הַטַּבָּחִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ מִצְרִ֔י מִיַּד֙ הַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹרִדֻ֖הוּ שָֽׁמָּה׃

And Joseph was brought down to Egypt; and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, the captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him of the hand of the Ishmaelites, that had brought him down thither.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 הוּרַ֣ד	cc	and
2	יוֹסֵ֖ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	3 הוּרַ֣ד	nsubj	Joseph
3	הוּרַ֣ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he had been brought down
4	מִצְרָ֑יְמ	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	3 הוּרַ֣ד	obl	to
5	ָה	ה	X	_	4 מִצְרָ֑יְמ	nmod	Egypt
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יִּקְנ	cc	and
7	יִּקְנ	קָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 הוּרַ֣ד	conj	he
8	ֵ֡הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 יִּקְנ	obj	bought him
9	פּוֹטִיפַר֩	פּוֹטִיפַר	PROPN	_	7 יִּקְנ	nsubj	Potiphar
10	סְרִ֨יס	סָרִיס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 פּוֹטִיפַר֩	appos	the official
11	פַּרְעֹ֜ה	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	10 סְרִ֨יס	compound:smixut	of Pharaoh
12	שַׂ֤ר	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 פּוֹטִיפַר֩	appos	the commander
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 טַּבָּחִים֙	det	of
14	טַּבָּחִים֙	טַבָּח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 שַׂ֤ר	compound:smixut	the bodyguards
15	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 פּוֹטִיפַר֩	appos	a man
16	מִצְרִ֔י	מִצְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 אִ֣ישׁ	appos	an Egyptian
17	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	18 יַּד֙	case	from
18	יַּד֙	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 יִּקְנ	obl	the hand
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 יִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֔ים	det	of
20	יִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֔ים	יִשְׁמְעֵאלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 יַּד֙	compound:smixut	the Ishmaelites
21	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	22 הוֹרִדֻ֖	mark	who
22	הוֹרִדֻ֖	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	20 יִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֔ים	acl:relcl	they
23	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 הוֹרִדֻ֖	obj	had brought him down
24	שָֽׁמּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	22 הוֹרִדֻ֖	advmod	to
25	ָה	ה	X	_	24 שָֽׁמּ	nmod	(to)
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
הוּרַד he had been brought down	qatal · hophal		יוֹסֵף Joseph
יִּקְנ he	wayyiqtol · qal	פּוֹטִיפַר Potiphar	ֵהוּ bought him
הוֹרִדֻ they	qatal · hiphil	הוּ had brought him down		יִּשְׁמְעֵאלִים the Ishmaelites

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְיוֹסֵף אִתָּחַת לְמִצְרָיִם וּזְבָנֵהּ פּוֹטִיפַר רַבָּא דְפַרְעֹה רַב קָטוֹלַיָּא גְּבַר מִצְרָאָה מִידָא דַּעֲרָבָאֵי דִּי אֲחִתוֹהִי לְתַמָּן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joseph was brought down to Egypt; and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, the captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him of the hand of the Ishmaelites, that had brought him down thither.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1150.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.39.1/