Genesis 42:30 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: man · What happens: speak, take · To what, where: us · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 42:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man — and what happens in the verse to us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

דִּ֠בֶּר הָאִ֨ישׁ אֲדֹנֵ֥י הָאָ֛רֶץ אִתָּ֖נוּ קָשׁ֑וֹת וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֹתָ֔נוּ כִּֽמְרַגְּלִ֖ים אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

'The man, the lord of the land, spoke roughly with us, and took us for spies of the country.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	דִּ֠בֶּר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he spoke
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 אִ֨ישׁ	det	the
3	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 דִּ֠בֶּר	nsubj	man
4	אֲדֹנֵ֥י	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 אִ֨ישׁ	appos	the lord(s)
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָ֛רֶץ	det	of
6	אָ֛רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 אֲדֹנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	the land
7	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	8 ָ֖נוּ	case	with
8	ָ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 דִּ֠בֶּר	obl	us
9	קָשׁ֑וֹת	קָשֶׁה	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	1 דִּ֠בֶּר	advmod	harsh
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִּתֵּ֣ן	cc	and
11	יִּתֵּ֣ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 דִּ֠בֶּר	conj	he made
12	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ָ֔נוּ	case
13	ָ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 יִּתֵּ֣ן	obj	us
14	כִּֽ	כְּ	ADP	_	15 מְרַגְּלִ֖ים	case	like
15	מְרַגְּלִ֖ים	רָגַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	11 יִּתֵּ֣ן	xcomp	[those who] spy out
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 אָֽרֶץ	case	(et)
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אָֽרֶץ	det	the
18	אָֽרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 מְרַגְּלִ֖ים	obj	land
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 אָֽרֶץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
דִּבֶּר he spoke	qatal · piel	אִישׁ man
יִּתֵּן he made	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man	ָנוּ us
מְרַגְּלִים [those who] spy out	participle active · piel		אָֽרֶץ land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

מַלֵּיל גַּבְרָא רִבּוֹנָא דְאַרְעָא עִמָּנָא קַשְׁיָן וִיהַב יָתָנָא כִּמְאַלִּילֵי יָת אַרְעָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

'The man, the lord of the land, spoke roughly with us, and took us for spies of the country.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1282.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.42.30/