Genesis 43:22 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: we · What happens: bring down, buy, not know, put · To what, where: other money, hand, food, money, sacks · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 43:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we — and what happens in the verse to other money, hand, food, money, sacks, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכֶ֧סֶף אַחֵ֛ר הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ בְיָדֵ֖נוּ לִשְׁבָּר־אֹ֑כֶל לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְנוּ מִי־שָׂ֥ם כַּסְפֵּ֖נוּ בְּאַמְתְּחֹתֵֽינוּ׃

And other money have we brought down in our hand to buy food. We know not who put our money in our sacks.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ	cc	and
2	כֶ֧סֶף	כֶּסֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ	obj	silver
3	אַחֵ֛ר	אַחֵר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 כֶ֧סֶף	amod	other
4	הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=1	root	root	we have brought down
5	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 יָד	case	in
6	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ	obl	hand
7	ֵ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 יָד	nmod:poss	our
8	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	9 שְׁבָּר־	case	to
9	שְׁבָּר־	שָׁבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ	advcl	buy
10	אֹ֑כֶל	אֹכֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 שְׁבָּר־	obj	food
11	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 יָדַ֔עְנוּ	advmod	not
12	יָדַ֔עְנוּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	4 הוֹרַ֥דְנוּ	parataxis	we know
13	מִי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	14 שָׂ֥ם	nsubj	who?
14	שָׂ֥ם	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 יָדַ֔עְנוּ	ccomp	did he put
15	כַּסְפּ	כֶּסֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 שָׂ֥ם	obj	silver
16	ֵ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 כַּסְפּ	nmod:poss	our
17	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 אַמְתְּחֹתֵֽי	case	in
18	אַמְתְּחֹתֵֽי	אַמְתַּחַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	14 שָׂ֥ם	obl	sacks
19	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 אַמְתְּחֹתֵֽי	nmod:poss	our
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 נוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הוֹרַדְנוּ we have brought down	qatal · hiphil	כֶסֶף silver
שְׁבָּר־ buy	infinitive construct · qal		אֹכֶל food
not יָדַעְנוּ we know	qatal · qal		שָׂם did he put
שָׂם did he put	qatal · qal	מִי־ who?	כַּסְפּ silver

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְכַסְפָּא אָחֳרָנָא אוֹחִיתְנָא בִידָנָא לְמִזְבַּן עִיבוּרָא לָא יְדַעְנָא מָן שַׁוִּי כַסְפָּנָא בְּטוֹעֲנָנָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1312.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.22/