Genesis 45:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Joseph, I, brethren, ye · What happens: say, come, pray, be, sell · To what, where: me, you, Joseph, brother, Egypt · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 45:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joseph, I, brethren, ye — and what happens in the verse to me, you, Joseph, brother, Egypt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹסֵ֧ף אֶל־אֶחָ֛יו גְּשׁוּ־נָ֥א אֵלַ֖י וַיִּגָּ֑שׁוּ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֲנִי֙ יוֹסֵ֣ף אֲחִיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם אֹתִ֖י מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃

And Joseph said unto his brethren: 'Come near to me, I pray you.' And they came near. And he said: 'I am Joseph your brother, whom ye sold into Egypt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יוֹסֵ֧ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Joseph
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 אֶחָ֛י	case	to
5	אֶחָ֛י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	brothers
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֶחָ֛י	nmod:poss	his
7	גְּשׁוּ־	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	draw near
8	נָ֥א	נָא	INTJ	_	7 גְּשׁוּ־	discourse	please
9	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	10 ַ֖י	case	to
10	ַ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 גְּשׁוּ־	obl	me
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יִּגָּ֑שׁוּ	cc	and
12	יִּגָּ֑שׁוּ	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	they drew near
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יֹּ֗אמֶר	cc	and
14	יֹּ֗אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	he said
15	אֲנִי֙	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 יוֹסֵ֣ף	nsubj	I
16	יוֹסֵ֣ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	14 יֹּ֗אמֶר	ccomp	[am] Joseph
17	אֲחִי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יוֹסֵ֣ף	appos	brother
18	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 אֲחִי	nmod:poss	your
19	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	20 מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם	mark	whom
20	מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם	מָכַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	16 יוֹסֵ֣ף	acl:relcl	you sold
21	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	22 ִ֖י	case
22	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם	obj	me
23	מִצְרָֽיְמ	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	20 מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם	obl	to
24	ָה	ה	X	_	23 מִצְרָֽיְמ	nmod	Egypt
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
hedged: yes (נָא)
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph
גְּשׁוּ־ draw near	imperative · qal	אֶחָי brothers
יִּגָּשׁוּ they drew near	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי brothers
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph
מְכַרְתֶּם you sold	qatal · qal	אֶחָי brothers	ִי me

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יוֹסֵף לַאֲחוֹהִי קְרִיבוּ כְעַן לְוָתִי וּקְרִיבוּ וַאֲמַר אֲנָא יוֹסֵף אֲחוּכוֹן דִּי זַבִּנְתּוּן יָתִי לְמִצְרָיִם

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1362.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.45.4/