Genesis 45:3 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Joseph, I, father, brethren · What happens: say, be, live, not answer, affright · To what, where: Joseph, brethren, presence · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 45:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joseph, I, father, brethren — and what happens in the verse to Joseph, brethren, presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹסֵ֤ף אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ אֲנִ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף הַע֥וֹד אָבִ֖י חָ֑י וְלֹֽא־יָכְל֤וּ אֶחָיו֙ לַעֲנ֣וֹת אֹת֔וֹ כִּ֥י נִבְהֲל֖וּ מִפָּנָֽיו׃

And Joseph said unto his brethren: 'I am Joseph; doth my father yet live?' And his brethren could not answer him; for they were affrighted at his presence.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יוֹסֵ֤ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Joseph
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 אֶחָי	case	to
5	אֶחָי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	brothers
6	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֶחָי	nmod:poss	his
7	אֲנִ֣י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 יוֹסֵ֔ף	nsubj	I
8	יוֹסֵ֔ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	[am] Joseph
9	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	13 חָ֑י	advmod	?
10	ע֥וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	13 חָ֑י	advmod	still
11	אָב	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 חָ֑י	nsubj	father
12	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 אָב	nmod:poss	[is] my
13	חָ֑י	חַי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יוֹסֵ֔ף	parataxis	living
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָכְל֤וּ	cc	and
15	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	16 יָכְל֤וּ	advmod	not
16	יָכְל֤וּ	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	8 יוֹסֵ֔ף	conj	they were able
17	אֶחָי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 יָכְל֤וּ	nsubj	brothers
18	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 אֶחָי	nmod:poss	his
19	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	20 עֲנ֣וֹת	case	to
20	עֲנ֣וֹת	עָנָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	16 יָכְל֤וּ	xcomp	answer
21	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	22 ֔וֹ	case
22	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 עֲנ֣וֹת	obj	him
23	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	24 נִבְהֲל֖וּ	mark	(dm)
24	נִבְהֲל֖וּ	בָּהַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	8 יוֹסֵ֔ף	advcl	they were terrified
25	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	26 פָּנָֽי	case	of
26	פָּנָֽי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 נִבְהֲל֖וּ	obl
27	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 פָּנָֽי	nmod:poss	him
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph
not יָכְלוּ they were able	qatal · qal	אֶחָי brothers
עֲנוֹת answer	infinitive construct · qal	אֶחָי brothers	וֹ him
נִבְהֲלוּ they were terrified	qatal · niphal	אֶחָי brothers

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יוֹסֵף לַאֲחוֹהִי אֲנָא יוֹסֵף הַעַד כְּעַן אַבָּא קַיָּם וְלָא יָכִילוּ אֲחוֹהִי לַאֲתָבָא יָתֵהּ פִּתְגָּם ארֵי אִתְבְּהִילוּ מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joseph said unto his brethren: 'I am Joseph; doth my father yet live?' And his brethren could not answer him; for they were affrighted at his presence.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1361.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.45.3/