Genesis 49:9 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Judah, thou · What happens: be, go up, stoop down, couch, rouse up · To what, where: whelp, prey, Judah

This is Genesis 49:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, thou — and what happens in the verse to whelp, prey, Judah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

גּ֤וּר אַרְיֵה֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִטֶּ֖רֶף בְּנִ֣י עָלִ֑יתָ כָּרַ֨ע רָבַ֧ץ כְּאַרְיֵ֛ה וּכְלָבִ֖יא מִ֥י יְקִימֶֽנּוּ׃

Judah is a lion's whelp; from the prey, my son, thou art gone up. He stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse him up?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	גּ֤וּר	גּוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	[is] a cub
2	אַרְיֵה֙	אַרְיֵה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 גּ֤וּר	compound:smixut	of a lion
3	יְהוּדָ֔ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	1 גּ֤וּר	nsubj	Judah
4	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	5 טֶּ֖רֶף	case	from
5	טֶּ֖רֶף	טֶרֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 עָלִ֑יתָ	obl	prey
6	בְּנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 עָלִ֑יתָ	parataxis	my son
7	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 בְּנ	nmod:poss	my
8	עָלִ֑יתָ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	1 גּ֤וּר	parataxis	you have gone up
9	כָּרַ֨ע	כָּרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 גּ֤וּר	parataxis	he bows down
10	רָבַ֧ץ	רָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 גּ֤וּר	parataxis	he lies down
11	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	12 אַרְיֵ֛ה	case	like
12	אַרְיֵ֛ה	אַרְיֵה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 רָבַ֧ץ	obl	a lion
13	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 לָבִ֖יא	cc	and
14	כְ	כְּ	ADP	_	15 לָבִ֖יא	case	like
15	לָבִ֖יא	לָבִיא	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 אַרְיֵ֛ה	conj	a lion
16	מִ֥י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	17 יְקִימ	nsubj	who?
17	יְקִימ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	1 גּ֤וּר	parataxis	will
18	ֶֽנּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יְקִימ	obj	he rouse him
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 ֶֽנּוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָלִיתָ you have gone up	qatal · qal	בְּנ my son
כָּרַע he bows down	qatal · qal	בְּנ my son
רָבַץ he lies down	qatal · qal	בְּנ my son
יְקִימ will	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶֽנּוּ he rouse him	מִי who?

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

שִׁלְטוֹן יְהֵי בְשֵׁרוּיָא וּבְסוֹפָא יִתְרַבָּא מַלְכָּא מִדְבֵית יְהוּדָה אֲרֵי מִדִין קַטְלָא בְּרִי נַפְשָׁךְ סְלֶקְתָּא יְנוּחַ יִשְׁרֵי בִתְקוֹף כְּאַרְיָא וּכְלֵיתָא וְלֵית מַלְכוּ דִתְזַעְזְעִנֵהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1482.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.49.9/