Genesis 8:5 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: waters · What happens: decrease, be, see · To what, where: tops

This is Genesis 8:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — waters — and what happens in the verse to tops, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַמַּ֗יִם הָיוּ֙ הָל֣וֹךְ וְחָס֔וֹר עַ֖ד הַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽעֲשִׂירִ֑י בָּֽעֲשִׂירִי֙ בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ נִרְא֖וּ רָאשֵׁ֥י הֶֽהָרִֽים׃

And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month; in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	cc	and
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 מַּ֗יִם	det	the
3	מַּ֗יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	nsubj	waters
4	הָיוּ֙	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	cop	they were
5	הָל֣וֹךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	advmod	going
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 חָס֔וֹר	cc	and
7	חָס֔וֹר	חָסֵר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 הָל֣וֹךְ	conj	decreasing
8	עַ֖ד	עַד	ADP	_	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	case	until
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	det	the
10	חֹ֣דֶשׁ	חֹדֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	month
11	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 עֲשִׂירִ֑י	det	(the)
12	עֲשִׂירִ֑י	עֲשִׂירִי	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	nummod	tenth
13	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 עֲשִׂירִי֙	case	in
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 עֲשִׂירִי֙	det	the tenth
15	עֲשִׂירִי֙	עֲשִׂירִי	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 נִרְא֖וּ	obl	[month]
16	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 אֶחָ֣ד	case	on [day]
17	אֶחָ֣ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 עֲשִׂירִי֙	conj	one
18	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	20 חֹ֔דֶשׁ	case	of
19	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 חֹ֔דֶשׁ	det	the
20	חֹ֔דֶשׁ	חֹדֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 אֶחָ֣ד	nmod	month
21	נִרְא֖וּ	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	parataxis	they were seen
22	רָאשֵׁ֥י	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 נִרְא֖וּ	nsubj	the tops
23	הֶֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 הָרִֽים	det	of
24	הָרִֽים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 רָאשֵׁ֥י	compound:smixut	the mountains
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 הָרִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
הָיוּ they were	qatal · qal	מַּיִם waters
נִרְאוּ they were seen	qatal · niphal		רָאשֵׁי the tops

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּמַיָּא הֲווֹ אָזְלִין וְחָסְרִין עַד יַרְחָא עֲשִׂירָאָה בַּעֲשִׂירָאָה בְּחַד לְיַרְחָא אִתְחֲזִיאוּ רֵישֵׁי טוּרַיָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month; in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:188.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.8.5/