Leviticus 11:20 וַיִּקְרָא
Who acts: winged swarming things · What happens: wing, swarm, go, be · To what, where: fours, detestable thing
This is Leviticus 11:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — winged swarming things — and what happens in the verse to fours, detestable thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כֹּ֚ל שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃ס
All winged swarming things that go upon all fours are a detestable thing unto you.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כֹּ֚ל | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 שֶׁ֥קֶץ | dislocated | every |
| 2 | שֶׁ֣רֶץ | שֶׁרֶץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 כֹּ֚ל | compound:smixut | (the) swarming thing |
| 3 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 4 ע֔וֹף | det | of (the) |
| 4 | ע֔וֹף | עוֹף | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 שֶׁ֣רֶץ | compound:smixut | insect |
| 5 | הַ | הַ | SCONJ | _ | 6 הֹלֵ֖ךְ | mark | [which] |
| 6 | הֹלֵ֖ךְ | הָלַךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 2 שֶׁ֣רֶץ | appos | walks |
| 7 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 8 אַרְבַּ֑ע | case | on |
| 8 | אַרְבַּ֑ע | אַרְבַּע | NUM | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 6 הֹלֵ֖ךְ | obl | four [legs] |
| 9 | שֶׁ֥קֶץ | שֶׁקֶץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | root | root | [is] a detestable thing |
| 10 | ה֖וּא | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 שֶׁ֥קֶץ | nsubj | it |
| 11 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 12 ָכֶֽם | case | to |
| 12 | ָכֶֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 שֶׁ֥קֶץ | obl | you |
| 13 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 12 ָכֶֽם | punct | |
| 14 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 12 ָכֶֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הֹלֵךְ walks | participle active · qal | שֶׁרֶץ (the) swarming thing |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
כֹּל רִחֲשָׁא דְעוֹפָא דִמְהַלֵךְ עַל אַרְבַּע שִׁקְצָא הוּא לְכוֹן
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:271.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.20/