Leviticus 16:31 וַיִּקְרָא
Who acts: atonement, ye · What happens: be, afflict · To what, where: sabbath, souls, statute
This is Leviticus 16:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — atonement, ye — and what happens in the verse to sabbath, souls, statute, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
שַׁבַּ֨ת שַׁבָּת֥וֹן הִיא֙ לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם חֻקַּ֖ת עוֹלָֽם׃
It is a sabbath of solemn rest unto you, and ye shall afflict your souls; it is a statute for ever.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שַׁבַּ֨ת | שַׁבָּת | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root | [is] a sabbath |
| 2 | שַׁבָּת֥וֹן | שַׁבָּתוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 שַׁבַּ֨ת | compound:smixut | of sabbath observance |
| 3 | הִיא֙ | הִיא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 שַׁבַּ֨ת | nsubj | it |
| 4 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 5 ָכֶ֔ם | case | to |
| 5 | ָכֶ֔ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 1 שַׁבַּ֨ת | obl | you |
| 6 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 7 עִנִּיתֶ֖ם | cc | and |
| 7 | עִנִּיתֶ֖ם | עָנָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 שַׁבַּ֨ת | conj | you will afflict |
| 8 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 9 נַפְשֹׁתֵי | case | (et) |
| 9 | נַפְשֹׁתֵי | נֶפֶשׁ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 עִנִּיתֶ֖ם | obj | selves |
| 10 | כֶ֑ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 נַפְשֹׁתֵי | nmod:poss | your |
| 11 | חֻקַּ֖ת | חֻקָּה | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 עִנִּיתֶ֖ם | ccomp | a statute |
| 12 | עוֹלָֽם | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 חֻקַּ֖ת | compound:smixut | of perpetuity |
| 13 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 12 עוֹלָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עִנִּיתֶם you will afflict | weqatal · piel | נַפְשֹׁתֵי selves |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
שְׁבַת שְׁבָתָא הִיא לְכוֹן וּתְעַנוּן יָת נַפְשָּׁתֵיכוֹן קְיַם עֲלָם
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:486.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.16.31/