Leviticus 20:13 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: man, both, blood · What happens: lie, commit, put, be · To what, where: abomination, father

This is Leviticus 20:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, both, blood — and what happens in the verse to abomination, father, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁכַּ֤ב אֶת־זָכָר֙ מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֔ה תּוֹעֵבָ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃

And if a man lie with mankind, as with womankind, both of them have committed abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 עָשׂ֖וּ	cc	and
2	אִ֗ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 עָשׂ֖וּ	dislocated	a man
3	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	4 יִשְׁכַּ֤ב	mark	who
4	יִשְׁכַּ֤ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 אִ֗ישׁ	acl:relcl	he will lie
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 זָכָר֙	case	with
6	זָכָר֙	זָכָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יִשְׁכַּ֤ב	obl	a male
7	מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י	מִשְׁכָּב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 יִשְׁכַּ֤ב	obl	[the] lyings
8	אִשָּׁ֔ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of a woman
9	תּוֹעֵבָ֥ה	תּוֹעֵבַה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 עָשׂ֖וּ	obj	an abomination
10	עָשׂ֖וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have done
11	שְׁנֵי	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	12 הֶ֑ם	nummod	both
12	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 עָשׂ֖וּ	nsubj	of them
13	מ֥וֹת	מוּת	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	14 יוּמָ֖תוּ	obl:npmod	surely (die)
14	יוּמָ֖תוּ	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 עָשׂ֖וּ	parataxis	they will be put to death
15	דְּמֵי	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 ָֽם	nsubj	blood(s)
16	הֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 דְּמֵי	nmod:poss	their
17	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 ָֽם	case	[are] on
18	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 עָשׂ֖וּ	parataxis	them
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִשְׁכַּב he will lie	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ a man
עָשׂוּ they have done	qatal · qal	הֶם of them	תּוֹעֵבָה an abomination
יוּמָתוּ they will be put to death	yiqtol · hophal		אִישׁ a man + זָכָר a male

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּגְבַר דִי יִשְׁכּוּב יָת דְכוּרָא מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִתְּתָא תּוֹעֶבְתָּא עֲבָדוּ תַּרְוֵיהוֹן אִתְקְטָלָא יִתְקַטְלוּן קְטָלָא חַיָבִין

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And if a man lie with mankind, as with womankind, both of them have committed abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:585.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.13/