Leviticus 26:32 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: I, enemies · What happens: bring, dwell, astonished · To what, where: land, desolation, enemies

This is Leviticus 26:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, enemies — and what happens in the verse to land, desolation, enemies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְשָֽׁמְמ֤וּ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֹֽיְבֵיכֶ֔ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בָּֽהּ׃

And I will bring the land into desolation; and your enemies that dwell therein shall be astonished at it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י	cc	and
2	הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י	שָׁמֵם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I will devastate
3	אֲנִ֖י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י	nsubj	I
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 אָ֑רֶץ	case	(et)
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָ֑רֶץ	det	the
6	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י	obj	land
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 שָֽׁמְמ֤וּ	cc	and
8	שָֽׁמְמ֤וּ	שָׁמֵם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י	conj	they will be appalled
9	עָלֶ֙י	עַל	ADP	_	10 הָ֙	case	on
10	הָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 שָֽׁמְמ֤וּ	obl	it
11	אֹֽיְבֵי	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 שָֽׁמְמ֤וּ	nsubj	enemies
12	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 אֹֽיְבֵי	nmod:poss	your
13	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	14 יֹּשְׁבִ֖ים	mark	[who]
14	יֹּשְׁבִ֖ים	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	11 אֹֽיְבֵי	appos	dwell
15	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 ָֽהּ	case	in
16	ָֽהּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 יֹּשְׁבִ֖ים	obl	it
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 ָֽהּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
הֲשִׁמֹּתִי I will devastate	weqatal · hiphil	אָרֶץ land	אֲנִי I
שָֽׁמְמוּ they will be appalled	weqatal · qal	אֹֽיְבֵי enemies
יֹּשְׁבִים dwell	participle active · qal	אֹֽיְבֵי enemies

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְאֶצְדֵי אֲנָא יָת אַרְעָא וִיצָרְיוּן עֲלַהּ בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיכוֹן דְיָתְבוּן בַּהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And I will bring the land into desolation; and your enemies that dwell therein shall be astonished at it.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:810.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.26.32/