Numbers 13:16 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: These, Moses · What happens: be, send, spy out, call · To what, where: names, men, land, son, Hoshea · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Numbers 13:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, Moses — and what happens in the verse to names, men, land, son, Hoshea, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֵ֚לֶּה שְׁמ֣וֹת הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה לָת֣וּר אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּקְרָ֥א מֹשֶׁ֛ה לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בִּן־נ֖וּן יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃

These are the names of the men that Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Hoshea the son of Nun Joshua.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֵ֚לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	2 שְׁמ֣וֹת	nsubj	these
2	שְׁמ֣וֹת	שֵׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	[are] the names
3	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	det	of
4	אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 שְׁמ֣וֹת	compound:smixut	the men
5	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	6 שָׁלַ֥ח	mark	whom
6	שָׁלַ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	acl:relcl	he sent
7	מֹשֶׁ֖ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	6 שָׁלַ֥ח	nsubj	Moses
8	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	9 ת֣וּר	case	to
9	ת֣וּר	תּוּר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	6 שָׁלַ֥ח	advcl	spy out
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 אָ֑רֶץ	case	(et)
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אָ֑רֶץ	det	the
12	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ת֣וּר	obj	land
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּקְרָ֥א	cc	and
14	יִּקְרָ֥א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 שְׁמ֣וֹת	conj	he called
15	מֹשֶׁ֛ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	14 יִּקְרָ֥א	nsubj	Moses
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ	case	(to)
17	הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ	הוֹשֵׁעַ	PROPN	_	14 יִּקְרָ֥א	obl	Hoshea
18	בִּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ	appos	the son
19	נ֖וּן	נוּן	PROPN	_	18 בִּן־	compound:smixut	of Nun
20	יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	14 יִּקְרָ֥א	obj	Joshua
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׁלַח he sent	qatal · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses	אֲנָשִׁים the men
תוּר spy out	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים the men
יִּקְרָא he called	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses	יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ Joshua

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אִלֵין שְׁמָהַת גֻבְרַיָא דִי שְׁלַח משֶׁה לְאַלָלָא יָת אַרְעָא וּקְרָא משֶׁה לְהוֹשֵׁעַ בַּר נוּן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:486.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.13.16/