Numbers 14:36 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: Moses, men, congregation · What happens: send, spy out, return, make, murmur, bring up · To what, where: men, land, congregation, evil report

This is Numbers 14:36 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, men, congregation — and what happens in the verse to men, land, congregation, evil report, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה לָת֣וּר אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּשֻׁ֗בוּ וַיַּלִּ֤ינוּ עָלָיו֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה לְהוֹצִ֥יא דִבָּ֖ה עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

And the men, whom Moses sent to spy out the land, and who, when they returned, made all the congregation to murmur against him, by bringing up an evil report against the land,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	cc	and
2	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	det	the
3	אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	men
4	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	5 שָׁלַ֥ח	mark	whom
5	שָׁלַ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	acl:relcl	he sent
6	מֹשֶׁ֖ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	5 שָׁלַ֥ח	nsubj	Moses
7	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	8 ת֣וּר	case	to
8	ת֣וּר	תּוּר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 שָׁלַ֥ח	advcl	spy out
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 אָ֑רֶץ	case	(et)
10	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 אָ֑רֶץ	det	the
11	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ת֣וּר	obj	land
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יָּשֻׁ֗בוּ	cc	and
13	יָּשֻׁ֗בוּ	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 שָׁלַ֥ח	conj	they returned
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יַּלִּ֤ינוּ	cc	and
15	יַּלִּ֤ינוּ	לוּן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	5 שָׁלַ֥ח	conj	they caused to grumble
16	עָלָי	עַל	ADP	_	17 ו֙	case	on
17	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יַּלִּ֤ינוּ	obl	him
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 כָּל־	case	(et)
19	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יַּלִּ֤ינוּ	obj	all
20	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 עֵדָ֔ה	det	the
21	עֵדָ֔ה	עֵדָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 כָּל־	compound:smixut	congregation
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 הוֹצִ֥יא	case	by
23	הוֹצִ֥יא	יָצָא	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	15 יַּלִּ֤ינוּ	advcl	bringing out
24	דִבָּ֖ה	דִּבָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	23 הוֹצִ֥יא	obj	a bad report
25	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	27 אָֽרֶץ	case	on
26	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 אָֽרֶץ	det	the
27	אָֽרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 הוֹצִ֥יא	obl	land
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 אָֽרֶץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
שָׁלַח he sent	qatal · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses	אֲנָשִׁים men
תוּר spy out	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	אָרֶץ land
יָּשֻׁבוּ they returned	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יַּלִּינוּ they caused to grumble	wayyiqtol · hiphil	עֵדָה congregation		אֲנָשִׁים men
הוֹצִיא bringing out	infinitive construct · hiphil	דִבָּה a bad report		אֲנָשִׁים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְגֻבְרַיָא דִי שְׁלַח משֶׁה לְאַלָלָא יָת אַרְעָא וְתָבוּ וְאַרְעִימוּ עֲלוֹהִי יָת כָּל כְּנִשְׁתָּא לְאַפָּקָא שׁוּם בִּישׁ עַל אַרְעָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the men, whom Moses sent to spy out the land, and who, when they returned, made all the congregation to murmur against him, by bringing up an evil report against the land,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:539.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.14.36/