Deuteronomy 14:8 · JPS 1917
and the swine, because he parteth the hoof but cheweth not the cud, he is unclean unto you; of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not touch.
Who acts: badger, swine, ye · What happens: part, not chew, be, not eat, not touch · To what, where: hoof, cud, carcasses
This is Deuteronomy 14:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (badger, swine, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 unclean | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 swine | det |
| 3 | swine | swine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 unclean | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 parteth | punct |
| 5 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 7 parteth | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 parteth | nsubj |
| 7 | parteth | part | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 unclean | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hoof | det |
| 9 | hoof | hoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 parteth | obj |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 cheweth | cc |
| 11 | cheweth | chew | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 parteth | conj |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 cheweth | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 cud | det |
| 14 | cud | cud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cheweth | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 parteth | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 unclean | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 unclean | cop |
| 18 | unclean | unclean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 19 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 20 you | case |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 unclean | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 eat | punct |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 flesh | case |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 flesh | nmod:poss |
| 24 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 eat | obl |
| 25 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 eat | nsubj |
| 26 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 eat | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 eat | advmod |
| 28 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 unclean | parataxis |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 touch | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 touch | cc |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 carcasses | nmod:poss |
| 32 | carcasses | carcass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 touch | obj |
| 33 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 36 touch | nsubj |
| 34 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 touch | aux |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 touch | advmod |
| 36 | touch | touch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 eat | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 unclean | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | part | present | badger | the hoof | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoof=Patient | ||||
| 2 | not chew | present | badger not said here | the cud | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cud=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | present | the swine | unto you; unclean property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not eat | shall | ye | of beasts's flesh | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of flesh=Source | ||||
| 5 | not touch | shall | ye | beasts's carcasses | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme carcass=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאֶת־הַ֠חֲזִיר כִּֽי־מַפְרִ֨יס פַּרְסָ֥ה הוּא֙ וְלֹ֣א גֵרָ֔ה טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶ֑ם מִבְּשָׂרָם֙ לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֔לוּ וּבְנִבְלָתָ֖ם לֹ֥א תִגָּֽעוּ׃ס
Deuteronomy 14:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DEU:409 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.409/