Exodus 18:12 · JPS 1917
And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt-offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law before God.
Who acts: Jethro, Aaron · What happens: take, come, eat · To what, where: burnt offering, bread
This is Exodus 18:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jethro, Aaron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 took | cc |
| 2 | Jethro | Jethro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 took | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 father | punct |
| 4 | Moses | Moses | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 father | nmod:poss |
| 5 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 4 Moses | case |
| 6 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Jethro | appos |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 law | punct |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 law | case |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 in | punct |
| 10 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 father | compound |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Jethro | punct |
| 12 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 offering | det |
| 14 | burnt | burnt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 offering | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 burnt | punct |
| 16 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 took | obj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 sacrifices | cc |
| 18 | sacrifices | sacrifice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 offering | conj |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 God | case |
| 20 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 took | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 came | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 came | cc |
| 23 | Aaron | Aaron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 came | nsubj |
| 24 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 took | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 elders | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 elders | cc |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 elders | det:predet |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 elders | det |
| 29 | elders | elder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 came | conj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Israel | case |
| 31 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 elders | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 eat | punct |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 eat | mark |
| 34 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 came | advcl |
| 35 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 eat | obj |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 father | case |
| 37 | Moses | Moses | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 father | nmod:poss |
| 38 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 37 Moses | case |
| 39 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 eat | obl |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 law | punct |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 law | case |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 in | punct |
| 43 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 father | nmod |
| 44 | before | before | ADP | _ | 45 God | case |
| 45 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 eat | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 took | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Jethro | a burnt offering and sacrifices | for God | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent offering=Theme for god=Beneficiary | |||
| 2 | come | past | Aaron | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | eat | to-infinitive | Aaron not said here | bread | before God | with Moses's father in law | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקַּ֞ח יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה עֹלָ֥ה וּזְבָחִ֖ים לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיָּבֹ֨א אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְכֹ֣ל ׀ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֶאֱכָל־לֶ֛חֶם עִם־חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
Exodus 18:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:512 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.512/