Exodus 23:27 · JPS 1917
I will send My terror before thee, and will discomfit all the people to whom thou shalt come, and I will make all thine enemies turn their backs unto thee.
Who acts: I, thou, enemies · What happens: send, discomfit, come, make, turn · To what, where: terror, people, backs
This is Exodus 23:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou, enemies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 send | nsubj |
| 2 | will | will | AUX | _ | 3 send | aux |
| 3 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 terror | nmod:poss |
| 5 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 send | obj |
| 6 | before | before | ADP | _ | 7 thee | case |
| 7 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 send | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 discomfit | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 discomfit | cc |
| 10 | will | will | AUX | _ | 11 discomfit | aux |
| 11 | discomfit | discomfit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 send | conj |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 people | det:predet |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 people | det |
| 14 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 discomfit | obj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 whom | case |
| 16 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 come | obl |
| 17 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 19 come | nsubj |
| 18 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 19 come | aux |
| 19 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 people | acl:relcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 make | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 make | cc |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 make | nsubj |
| 23 | will | will | AUX | _ | 24 make | aux |
| 24 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 send | conj |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 enemies | det:predet |
| 26 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 27 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 27 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 turn | nsubj |
| 28 | turn | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 make | xcomp |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 backs | nmod:poss |
| 30 | backs | back | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 turn | obj |
| 31 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 32 thee | case |
| 32 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 turn | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 send | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | future | I | My terror | before thee | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent terror=Theme | |||
| 2 | discomfit | future | I not said here | all people | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus people=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | come | shall | thou | to all people | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to whom=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | make | future | I | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | turn | infinitive | thine enemies | people's backs | unto thee | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent back=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אֶת־אֵֽימָתִי֙ אֲשַׁלַּ֣ח לְפָנֶ֔יךָ וְהַמֹּתִי֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּבֹ֖א בָּהֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֧י אֶת־כָּל־אֹיְבֶ֛יךָ אֵלֶ֖יךָ עֹֽרֶף׃
Exodus 23:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:676 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.676/